Anonymous - Catalogue of the William Loring Andrews Collection of Early Books in the Library of Yale University

A >> Anonymous >> Catalogue of the William Loring Andrews Collection of Early Books in the Library of Yale University

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Transcriber's Note: This book has a number of characters which cannot be
represented in a text format. The following coding has been used for
these characters.

[upturned A] A printed upside down
[=e] e with macron
[oe] oe ligature

Inconsistencies in hyphenation and spelling found in the original book
have been retained in this version. A list of these inconsistencies is
found at the end of the text.

CATALOGUE OF EARLY PRINTED BOOKS

CATALOGUE

OF THE

WILLIAM LORING ANDREWS

COLLECTION OF EARLY BOOKS

IN THE

LIBRARY OF YALE UNIVERSITY

[Printer's Seal]

NEW HAVEN: YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS
LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
MCMXIII

COPYRIGHT, 1913
BY
YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Printed from type October, 1913. 300 copies

PREFACE

The collection of early printed books presented to the Library of Yale
University in 1894 by Mr. William Loring Andrews, of New York, was
formed to illustrate the first century of printing, which is a better
boundary for the survey than the half-century ending with the year 1500,
more often chosen. The latter, the so-styled cradle period of the art,
is wanting in real definition, being at most a convenient halting place,
not a completed stage, whereas at the middle of the sixteenth century
the printed book of the better class had acquired most of its maturer
features and no longer has for us an unfamiliar look. Designed to serve
as a permanent exhibition, it is a selection rather than a collection,
not large, but wisely chosen, and no less attractive than instructive,
having been formed a quarter of a century ago, at a time when
opportunities were unusually favorable.

The surviving books of the first presses, which are the chief sources of
our knowledge of the early art, are at the same time, when obtainable,
the most efficient teachers. For the illustration of the typography, the
feature of first importance, there is nothing comparable to the open
pages of a representative series of the original books, such as are here
spread out before us. The best of the available substitutes, phototype
reproductions of specimen pages, apart from other limitations, must
always lack the authority and the impressiveness of the originals.

While it is the main office of the present collection to set before the
students of the University as a whole the more general features of the
art of the early printer, a further service which it is prepared to
render must not be overlooked. To such as are prompted to go into the
subject more deeply it offers an excellent body of the original
material upon which any serious study must of necessity be based.

The two fine fifteenth century MSS. at the head of the collection, far
from serving a merely ornamental purpose, like their own illuminated
initials for example, are a needful introduction. It is obvious that
from such sources the first printers got the models of their types, and
the MSS. in which Jenson found the prototypes of his famous roman
characters, which in the judgment of some are still unsurpassed, could
not have been very remote from these. Some of the more striking features
which distinguish the early printed books from the later were not
original with them, but only survivals from the MSS. The abbreviations
and contractions in which both abound were the labor-saving devices of
the copyists, adopted without hesitation by the printers who used the
MSS. as copy and only slowly abandoned. The copyist left spaces in his
MS. for initials to be supplied by the illuminator, without which his
work was not considered complete, and for about a hundred years the
printer continued to do the same. If the copyist saw fit to attach his
name to his work, we look for it at the end of the volume and there also
the printer placed his colophon. Signatures and catchwords, to guide the
binder in the arrangement of the sheets, did not come in with the
printed book, but had long been in use in the MSS.

Although out of the hundreds of presses active during the first century
only a score are here represented, leaving wide gaps in the series, it
is better, because more nearly in the natural line of development, that
the books should be ranged under the country, the locality and the press
to which they severally belong, than that they should be kept in strict
chronological order. A general chronological order underlies the
geographical even where it does not come to the surface. By right of
seniority Germany stands at the head, and Mainz, the birthplace of
printing, is followed by the other German towns in the order of their
press age. Next come the presses of Italy, France, Holland and England,
arranged in like order. To prevent, however, too wide a departure from
the chronological succession which would result from the strict
application of this rule, the later, i.e., the sixteenth century, Venice
and Paris books are separated from the earlier and transferred to the
end of the list, where in point of development they properly belong.
Placed in the order thus indicated, the books, as befits so small a
total, are numbered consecutively in one series. The conspectus, which
brings into one view the titles, dates, places and printers' names, will
serve also as a sufficient index.

While we are here most concerned with the genealogy and family history
of the books, or in other words with their press relationships, the
personal history attaching to them--_habent sua fata libelli_--is not
without interest. The Zeno MS. and the Philo, printed on vellum, are the
dedication copies, not merely set apart, but specially prepared for this
use. In a few of the volumes are found the names or the arms of early
owners. The Livy MS. and one-half of the printed books are from the
library, dispersed in 1886, of Michael Wodhull (1740-1816) of Thenford,
Northamptonshire, the first translator into English verse of all the
extant works of Euripides, the most assiduous and painstaking and in
some departments of bibliography the best equipped among the book
collectors of his day. It was his custom (well illustrated in the
present collection) to enter on the fly-leaf of each purchase the source
and the cost, adding as a separate item the binding, often by Roger
Payne, and to affix his name and the date. His _vise_ "Collat: &
complet:" is seldom wanting and often bibliographical notes and
references to authorities are added. Justinian's _Novellae_, printed by
Schoeffer, and all the Aldine press books save one are from the library
gathered at Syston Park, Lincolnshire, by Sir John Thorold and his son,
Sir John Hayford Thorold, between 1775 and 1831 and sold in 1884.

One valued mark of ownership, common to all the volumes, is the _ex
libris_ of the lover of choice books who united them in one family, not
again to be separated, and gave them into the keeping of the University
Library.

The accompanying list of Authorities, as will be apparent, is intended
to supply merely the details necessary to complete the references of the
catalogue.

Acknowledgments are due from the compiler to his associates in the
Library and the University for assistance in the catalogue.

ADDISON VAN NAME, _Librarian Emeritus_.

Yale University Library, September, 1913.

AUTHORITIES.

Ames, J. Typographical antiquities, or, History of printing in
England, Scotland and Ireland, enlarged by T.F. Dibdin. 4 v. 4^o.
Lond., 1810-19.

Blades, W. The life and typography of William Caxton. 2 v. 4^o. Lond.,
1861-3.

British Museum. Catalogue of books printed in the XVth century now in
the British Museum. Pt. i, ii. 4^o. Lond., 1908-12.

Brown, H.F. The Venetian printing press. 4^o. N.Y. and Lond., 1891.

Brunet, J.C. Manuel du libraire. 5^e ed. 6 v. 8^o. Paris, 1860-5.

Burger, K. Deutsche und italienische Inkunabeln. Lief. i-ix. f^o.
Berlin, 1892-1912.

Campbell, M.F.A.G. Annales de l'imprimerie neerlandaise au XV^e siecle.
8^o. La Haye, 1874-90.

Claudin, A. The first Paris press: an account of the books printed for
G. Fichet and J. Heynlin in the Sorbonne 1470-72. [Bibl. Soc.
Illust. Monogr. vi.] 4^o. Lond., 1897.

Copinger, W.A. Incunabula Biblica. 4^o. Lond., 1892.

---- Supplement to Hain's Repertorium bibliographicum. 2 pt. in 3 v.
8^o. Lond., 1895-1902.

Crevenna, P.A. Bolongaro. Catalogue des livres de la bibliotheque de M.
Pierre-Antoine Bolongaro-Crevenna. 5 v. 8^o. Amsterdam, 1789.

De Vinne, T.L. Notable printers of Italy during the fifteenth century.
4^o. New York, 1910.

Didot, A. Firmin. Alde Manuce et l'Hellenisme a Venise. 8^o. Paris,
1875.

Duff, E. Gordon. A century of the English book trade. 4^o. Lond., 1905.

---- Hand-lists of English printers 1501-1556. Pt. i, ii. 4^o. Lond.,
1895-6.

Hain, L. Repertorium bibliographicum. 2 v. in 4 pt. 8^o. Stuttgart,
1826-38.

Le Long, J. Bibliotheca sacra, continuata ab A.G. Masch. 2 pt. in 5 v.
4^o. Halae, 1778-90.

Morgan, J. Pierpont. Catalogue of manuscripts and early printed books
now forming a portion of the library of J. Pierpont Morgan. 3 v.
f^o. Lond., 1907.

Panzer, G.W. Annales typographici ab artis inventae origine ad annum
MDXXXVI. 11 v. 4^o. Norimbergae, 1793-1803.

Pellechet, M. Catalogue general des incunables des bibliotheques
publiques de France. T. i-iii. 8^o. Paris, 1897-1909.

Philippe, J. Origine de l'imprimerie a Paris. 8^o. Paris, 1885.

Pollard, A.W. An essay on colophons. [Caxton Club]. 4^o. Chicago, 1905.

Proctor, R. An index to the early printed books in the British Museum.
8^o. Lond., 1898.

---- The printing of Greek in the fifteenth century. [Bibl. Soc. Illust.
Monogr. viii]. 4^o. Lond., 1900.

Quaritch, B., _ed._ Contributions toward a dictionary of English
book-collectors. Pt. i-xiii. 8^o. Lond., 1892-9.

Renouard, A.A. Annales de l'imprimerie des Alde. 3^e ed. 8^o. Paris,
1834.

---- Annales de l'imprimerie des Estienne. 2^e ed. 8^o. Paris, 1843.

Ricci, Seymour de. Catalogue raisonne des premieres impressions de
Mayence (1445-1467). [Veroeff. der Gutenberg-Gesellseh. viii-ix].
4^o. Mainz, 1911.

---- A census of Caxtons. [Bibl. Soc. Illust. Monogr. xvi]. 4^o. Lond.,
1909.

CONSPECTUS

MANUSCRIPTS

PAGE

1. ZENO. Vita Caroli Zeni 1
2. LIVIUS. Historiarum libri I-X 3

PRINTED BOOKS

1. BIBLIA LATINA Mainz J. Fust & P. 1462 5
Schoeffer
2. JUSTINIANUS. Novellae " P. Schoeffer 1477 6
3. ISIDORUS. Etymologiae [Strassburg] [J. Mentelin] [c. 1473] 8
4. GESTA ROMANORUM [Cologne] [U. Zell] [c. 1473] 10
5. GREGORIUS I. Homiliae [Augsburg] [G. Zainer] 1473 11
6. PSALTERIUM LATINUM " " [c. 1473] 12
7. MODUS perveniendi ad
sapientiam " " [c. 1473] 13
8. HUGO. De arrha animae " " 1473 13
9. CARACCIOLUS. De
poenitentia Venice Wendelin of Speier 1472 14
10. VALLA. Elegantiae linguae
Latinae " N. Jenson 1471 15
11. PLINIUS. Naturalis historia " " 1472 17
12. NONIUS MARCELLUS. De
compendiosa doctrina " " 1476 19
13. DULLAERT. Quaestiones super F. Renner & Nicolas
Aristotelem de anima " of Frankf. 1473 21
14. ARISTOTELES. De animalibus " John of Cologne &
J. Manthen 1476 22
15. UBERTINUS. Arbor vitae
crucifixae Jesu " A. de Bonetis 1485 23
16. ALBERTIS. De amoris
remedio [Florence] 1471 24
17. AESOPUS. Vita et fabulae [Milan] Bonus Accursius [c. 1480] 26
18. OVIDIUS. Metamorphoses Parma A. Portilia 1480 28
19. PIUS II. De duobus [Paris] [Friburger, Gering
amantibus & Crantz] [1472] 28
20. PIUS II. De curialium
miseria " " [1472] 29
21. PLATO. Epistolae " " [1472] 30
22. MAGNI. Sophologium " Crantz, Gering & 1477 32
Friburger
23. HIERONYMUS. Vaderboeck [Zwolle] P. van Os 1490 33
24. HIGDEN. Polychronicon Westminster W. Caxton [1482] 34
25. ORDINARY of Christians London W. de Worde 1506 38
26. INTRATIONES " R. Pynson 1510 40
27. PLUTARCHUS. Moralia Venice Aldus Manutius 1509 41
28. SCRIPTORES rei rusticae " " 1514 43
29. CICERO. Rhetorica " Andrea d'Asola 1521 45
30. CELSUS. De medicina " " 1528 47
31. CICERO. Epistolae ad
Atticum " Aldi filii 1540 47
32. CICERO. Orationes " " 1546 49
33. PTOLEMAEUS. Planisphaerium " Paulus Manutius 1558 50
34. LIVIUS. Historiae Romanae " " 1572 51
35. BIBLIA LATINA Paris Vidua Th. Kerver 1549 52
36. PHILO. De divinis decem " C. Stephanus 1554 55
oraculis

MANUSCRIPTS

1. ZENO, JACOPO. Vitae, morum, rerumque gestarum Caroli Zeni libri X.
1458.

Fine white vellum, 192 leaves, in 19 quires of ten leaves each and two
additional leaves at the end, the last of which is blank. Signed on the
lower inner angle of the last page of each quire by a letter (A-T) which
is repeated at the point directly facing it on the first page of the next
quire. Leaves four to seven of the first quire and all of quires three to
eight, a total of sixty-four leaves, have 28 lines to the page, the rest
27 lines. Ruled on one side only with a hard point. Leaf 10-1/2 x 7 in.,
text-page 7 x 3-3/4 in.

Written in regular Italian minuscules of the 15th century, formed on the
models of the 11th and 12th centuries.

The subject of the memoir is the distinguished Venetian Admiral Carlo
Zeno (1334-1418), brother of Nicolo and Antonio, reputed discoverers of
America. His biographer, Jacopo Zeno (1417-1481), Bishop of Feltre and
Belluno, and later of Padua, was his grandson. The work is dedicated to
Pius II. in honor of his recent elevation to the papal throne, and since
this is evidently the dedication copy, the accession of Enea Silvio
Piccolomini in August, 1458, fixes approximately the date of the MS. In
April, 1460, Jacopo Zeno was translated to the see of Padua.

The execution and the decoration of the MS. are in keeping with its
special use. The gratulatory preface occupying ten pages is introduced
by the following heading in letters of burnished gold:

IN LIBROS VITAE MORVM RERVMQ: GESTARVM CAROLI ZENI VENETI. AD PIVM
SECVNDVM PONTIFICEM MAXIMVM. IACOBI FELTRENSIS ET BELLVNENSIS
ANTISTITIS PRAEFATIO: [G]LORIOSA.... The ornamentation of the ten-line
illuminated initial G is of the interlaced style, and a border of
similar pattern surrounds the entire page, enclosing on the front margin
vignettes--a vase, two rabbits and a stork--and at the foot the
Piccolomini arms, supported by kneeling angels and surmounted by the
papal keys and tiara. Each of the ten books has a heading in burnished
gold in which the dedication to Pius II. is repeated, and an initial of
like character to that of the preface, with a marginal ornament. The
occasional marginal subject-headings and the book-number at the top of
each leaf are likewise in gold.

The Latin text has thus far been printed only in Muratori's Rerum
Italicarum Scriptores (of which a new edition is now in progress), vol.
xix, Milan, 1731, from a MS. then, and still, preserved in the library
of the Episcopal Seminary at Padua. This MS., the only one which he was
able to discover, Muratori describes in the following language: "Codex
autem Patavinus quamquam pervetustus a non satis docto Librario
profectus est ac proinde occurrunt ibi quaedam parum castigata, quaedam
etiam plane vitiata. Mutilus praeterea est in fine, ubi non multa quidem
sed tamen aliqua desiderantur." Muratori's text breaks off in the middle
of a sentence at the end of the nineteenth (i.e. the last full) quire of
our MS., and accordingly lacks only the seventeen lines contained on the
next leaf, which is the last. If, as seems quite possible, the quiring
of the two MSS. is the same, the loss of the single unprotected leaf at
the end is the more readily explained.

In 1591 there was published at Bergamo an abridged Italian version, made
from an illuminated MS. which had once belonged to the famous library of
Matthias Corvinus, but was then in the possession of Caterino Zeno,
governor of Bergamo. It had been among the spoils carried to
Constantinople after the capture of Buda by the Turks in 1526. There,
seven years later, it had been bought and carried back to Italy by
Caterino's father, the younger Nicolo, who, in 1558, first gave to the
world the narrative of his ancestors' voyages. For no better reasons
than that the Paduan MS. also was illuminated in gold and colors, and
that it had been bought twenty-five years before (c. 1700) in Venice
where this branch of the Zeno family had become extinct, Muratori was
inclined to identify it with the Corvinus MS. The relations between Pius
II. and the king of Hungary, who was his ally in the proposed crusade
against the Turks upon which he was just embarking when overtaken by
death, and to whom the 48,000 ducats which he left behind him were sent
in aid of the prosecution of war, suggest another possibility. It may be
safely assumed that between the present MS., given only an opportunity
to acquire it, and any other copy the king's choice could not have
hesitated.

The MS. is in 18th-century Italian binding, red morocco, gilt edges.
Sold with other MSS. from the library of the Trivulzio family of Milan
at Leavitt's auction, New York City, November, 1886.

2. LIVIUS, TITUS. Historiarum Romanarum libri I-X. Late 15th century.

Vellum. 336 leaves, the last blank. 34 quires all having ten leaves,
except the 17th and 34th which have eight each. 31 lines to the page;
catchword placed at right angles with the last line of the quire; ruled
on both sides with plummet. Leaf 14-1/2 x 10 in., text-page 9 x 6 in.

Written in very regular, bold Italian minuscules of the period of the
Renaissance.

The first page of the preface is surrounded by an illuminated border in
gold and colors in the Renaissance style of ornament, into which are
introduced the Caraccioli arms belonging to the distinguished Neapolitan
family of that name. The initial F on this page is historiated with a
view of Rome, and each of the ten books has an eight-line initial of
dull gold on a background of red, blue and green, with marginal
ornamentation.

From the close agreement, even in punctuation, between this MS. and the
edition printed at Milan in 1495 by Ulrich Scinzenzeler for Alexander
Minutianus, and from other features which forbid the supposition that
one is taken directly from the other, we must conclude that they both
reproduce a common ancestor.

This MS. of the first Decade of Livy is in unusually fine preservation,
and is bound in russia extra, with broad borders of gold and gilt
marbled edges.

Brought from Palermo by Dr. Anthony Askew (1722-1772), it was sold with
his collection of MSS. in 1785. Michael Wodhull, Esq., of Thenford,
Northamptonshire, who gave seven guineas for the volume at "White's
sale" in March, 1798, added to his customary entry of these details on
the fly-leaf this note: "This appears to be the very Book which I saw
Sir W. Burrell purchase at Dr. Askew's manuscript Auction (No. 482) for
thirty-two guineas; in Sir W. Burrell's Auction, May, 1796, it is said
to have gone for about five (No. 657). The note in _Bib. Askev.
manuscripta_ is: 'Ex Panormo in Sicilia hunc cod. adduxit secum Cl.
Askevius.' & '300 annor. MSS. longe pulcherrimus.'"

At the sale of the Wodhull library in January, 1886, the Livy MS. and
the greater part of the 15th-century books hereinafter described were
acquired by the donor of the collection, William Loring Andrews, M.A.,
of New York City.

PRINTED BOOKS

1. BIBLIA LATINA. Moguntiae, Johannes Fust et Petrus Schoeffer, 14
August, 1462.

[Folio. 481 leaves, 2 columns, 48 lines to the column, gothic letter,
without signatures, catchwords or pagination.]

Leaves 204, 205 containing Judith xiv. 17--Esther iv. 4.

_Fol. 204^b, col. 1_ (red): expl_icit_ liber iudith secundu_m_
ieronimu_m_. Incipit p_r_ologus in libru_m_ hester. _Col. 2_ (red):
Explicit p_r_olog_us_. Incip. liber hester. Hain *3050. Pellechet
2281. Copinger 4. Brit. Mus. 15th cent., I, p. 22. Burger pl. 74.
De Ricci 79.

Five-line initial of prologue and fourteen-line initial I of Esther i. 1
supplied in colors. Heading of leaf in alternate red and blue capitals.
Initial-strokes in red on text capitals. Measurement 16-1/4 x 11-1/2 in.

The fourth printed Bible, and the first in which place, printers' names
and date are given. These details, which are wanting in so many of the
books of the early printers, Fust and Schoeffer--and Schoeffer when he
carried on the business alone--rarely failed to add to anything large
enough to be called a book that came from their press. This is their
fifth book and the colophon attached to the first, the famous Psalter of
1457, was repeated in them all, with no essential change beyond the
date, and continued to do duty for ten years longer. In the present
Bible among the typographical differences found in the copies are three
varieties of the colophon, two of which however are identical in
language and differ only in the printers' use of contractions and
capitals. The more common of the forms affirms that: "This present work
by the ingenious invention of printing or stamping letters without any
scratching of the pen has been thus fashioned in the city of Mainz and
to the worship of God has been diligently brought to completion by
Johann Fust citizen and Peter Schoeffer clerk of the same diocese in the
year of the Lord 1462, on the eve of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary."

In Seymour de Ricci's "Catalogue raisonne des premieres impressions de
Mayence (1445-1467)," Mainz, 1911, 61 known copies of this Bible, 36 of
them on vellum, are enumerated and 41 copies which cannot now be traced.
The fragment in our possession is entered (No. 115) as one leaf only,
instead of two.

The second dated Bible, the eleventh in the series of printed Bibles,
was that of Sweynheym and Pannartz, Rome, 1471; the third was a reprint
by Schoeffer in 1472 of the present edition, page for page, line for
line and in the same type.

2. JUSTINIANUS. Novellae constitutiones, sive Authenticum. Consuetudines
feudorum. Codicis libri X-XII. Moguntiae, Petrus Schoeffer, 21
August, 1477.

_Fol. 1^a._ [Text (red)]: In no_m_i_n_e d_omi_ni n_ost_ri ih_es_u
chr_ist_i. de heredib_us_ et falcidia _con_st_ituti_o prima si heres
legata soluere noluerit Incipit co_n_stitutio Imp_er_atoris Iustiniani.
a. Ioha_n_ni p_a_pe secu_n_do. [Commentary]: [I]N nomine d_omi_ni.
Iustinianus opus suu_m_ laudabile deo attribuit. _Fol. 169^b._ Explicit
liber aute_n_ticor_um_. _Fol. 170^a._ [Text (red)]: Incipiu_n_t
_con_suetudines feudor_um_. _Fol. 206^a._ [Text (red)]: Codicis d_omi_ni
iustiniani sacratissimi principis perpetui augusti repetite
p_re_lectionis incipit liber decimus. _Fol. 300^b_, COLOPHON (red): Anno
incarnac_i_o_n_is d_omi_nice .M.cccc.lxxvii. xii. kale_n_dis septembrijs!
Sanctissimo in chr_ist_o patre ac d_omi_no, d_omi_no Sixto p_a_pa .iiii.
po_n_tifice maximo. Illustrissimo noblissime domus austrie d_omi_no,
d_omi_no Friderico Romanorum Imp_er_atore inuictissimo, monarchie
chr_is_tiane d_omi_nis! Reuerendissimo deoq_ue_ amabili in Chr_ist_o
p_at_re ac d_omi_no, d_omi_no Diethero archip_re_sule Maguntino; in
ciuitate Maguncia impressorie artis inue_n_trice atq_ue_ elimatrice
p_ri_ma .x. collac_i_onu_m_ triu_m_q_ue_ libroru_m_ Codicu_m_ opus
egregiu_m_, Petrus Schoiffer de Gernsheim, glorioso faue_n_te deo suis
consignando scutis, feliciter finiuit. [PRINTER'S DEVICE in red.]

Folio. 1. Novellae: quires [1^{10}, 2^8, 3-6^{10}, 7-8^6, 9^{10},
10^8, 11-12^{10}, 13^8, 14^{10}, 15^8, 16^6, 17-18^{10}, 19^{10-1}
(the blank second leaf cut away)], 169 leaves. 2. Consuetudines
feudorum: quires [1-3^{10}, 4^6], 36 leaves. 3. Codicis libri
X-XII: quires [1^8, 2^{10}, 3-5^8, 6^{10}, 7^8, 8^4, 9-10^{10},
11^{10+1} (the additional leaf prefixed)], 95 leaves. In all 300
leaves, two columns of text and two of commentary, 51 lines of text
and 66 of commentary to the column, gothic letter, without printed
signatures, catchwords or pagination. Two- to six-line spaces, some
with guide-letters, left for capitals. Two pinholes, the use of
which Schoeffer was thought to have abandoned a little earlier than
the date of this volume. Titles and colophon printed in red. The
text type is that of the Bible of 1462. Hain *9623. Brit. Mus. 15th
cent., I, p. 33 (IC. 217).

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