Josiah Blake Tidwell - The Bible Book by Book

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1. The Adamic Covenant, Gen. 3:14-19. Outline the elements of the
covenant, showing the persons affected and the results or conditions
involved.

2. The Noahic Covenant, Gen. 8:20-9:27. Outline the elements of the
covenant, and the results affected.

3. The Abrahamic Covenant. Gen. 12:1-3; Acts 7:3. other details,
Gen. 13:14-17; 15:1-18; 17:1-8. Outline, giving the elements,
blessings proposed, temporal and spiritual or eternal. This is
sometimes called several covenants but it seems best to consider it
one that is enlarged upon from time to time.

4. The Mosaic Covenant, Ex. 19-30. Given in two parts: (1) _Law of
Duty_ (10 commandments), (2) _Law of Mercy_, Priesthood and Sacrifices
Lev. 4:27:31; Heb. 9:1-7. (3) To whom given, Ex. 19:3 and to all, Rom.
2,12; 3:19, etc. (4) Its purpose: (a) Negative, Rom. 3:19-20, Gal.
2:16-21. etc; (b) Positive, Rom. 3:19, 7:7-13. (5) Christ's relation
to the Mosaic Covenant: (a) was under it, Gal. 4;4; Matt. 3:13, etc;
(b) Kept it, Jno. 8:46; 15:10; (c) Bore its curse for sinners, Gal.
3:10-13; 4:45; 2 Cor. 5:21, etc; (d) Took the place of and ended the
Priesthood and sacrifices, Heb. 9:11-15; 10:1-12, etc; (e) New
covenant provided for believers in Christ, Rom.8:1; Gal. 3:13-17.

5. The Deuteronomic Covenant, Deut. 30:1-9. Outline its elements,
giving things promised and prophesied.

6. The Davidic Covenant, 2 Sam. 7:5-19. (1) Elements of the covenant
and summary in the Old Testament. (2) In the New Testament.

7. The New Covenant. (1) Formed, Heb. 8:6-13. (2) In prophecy. Jer.
31:31-34. (3) It is founded on the sacrifice of Christ. Matt. 26:
27-28; 1 Cor. 11:25; Heb. 9:11-12. (4) It is primarily for Israel, but
Christians are partakers, Heb. 10:11-22; Eph. 2:11-20. (5) Jews are
yet to be brought into it, Ezek. 20:34-37; Jer. 23:5-6; Rom. 11:25-27.

Note. Try to see how all of these covenants met in Christ.

* * * * *

Chapter 5.

The Division of the Scriptures.

In language and contents, the Bible is divided into two main
divisions.

1. The Old Testament, 39 Books. 2. The New Testament, 27 Books. Total.
66 Books.

The Jews were accustomed to divide the Old Testament into three main
parts, as follows:

1. The Law-the first five books, Genesis to Deuteronomy, otherwise
called the Pentateuch and books of Moses.

2. The Prophets. These are divided into the "former prophets" or
historical books and the "later prophets," or books, which we commonly
call the prophetic books.

3. The Writings, which was made to include; (1) Poetical
books-Psalms, Proverbs and Job; (2) Five Rolls-Song of Solomon, Ruth,
Esther, Lamentations and Ecclesiastes; (3) Other Books: Daniel, Ezra,
Nehemiah and I and II Chronicles.

The Bible itself divides the Old Testament into the three following
divisions:

1. The Law, which includes the first five books of the Bible, also
called the books of Moses.

2. The Prophets, which includes the next twelve books, commonly
called historical books and the seventeen books we know as the
prophetic books.

3. The Psalms, including the five poetical books.

The Books of the Bible

The books of the Old and New Testaments may each be divided into three
or five groups as follows:

First Into three groups.

1. History.
(1) Old Testament-Genesis-Esther (17 books).

(2) New Testament-Matthew-Acts (5 books).

2. Doctrine.

(1) Old Testament-Job-Song of Solomon (5 books).

(2) New Testament-Romans-Jude (21 books).

3. Prophecy. (1) Old Testament-Isaiah-Malachi (17 books).

(2) New Testament-Revelation (1 book).

Second, into five groups.

1. Old Testament.

(1) Pentateuch-Genesis-Deuteronomy (5 books).

(2) Historical Books-Joshua-Esther (12 books).

(3) Poetical Books-Job-Song of Solomon (5 books).

(4) Major Prophets-Isaiah-Daniel (5 books).

(5) Minor Prophets-Hosea-Malachi (12 books).

2. New Testament.

(1) Gospels-Matthew-John (4 books).

(2) Acts-Acts (1 book). (3) Pauline Epistles-Romans-Hebrews (14
books).

(4) General Epistles-James-Jude (7 books).

(5) Revelation-Revelation (1 book).

Direction For Study. (1) Drill on the Scripture divisions, Jewish
divisions and the three and five groups of each Testament. (2) Drill
on the number of chapters in each book and on the abbreviation of
each. (3) Drill on books having the same number of chapters, as all
those having one chapter, two chapters, etc.

* * * * *

Chapter VI.

The Dispensations.
A dispensation is a period of time during which God deals in a
particular way with man in the matter of sin and responsibility. The
whole Bible may be divided into either three or seven dispensations.

Three Dispensations.

1._The Patriarchal Dispensation_. From creation to the giving of the
Law, Gen. 1-Ex. 19 and Job.

2. _The Mosaic Dispensation_. From the giving of the Law to the
birth of Christ, Ex. 20-Mal. 4.

3. _The Christian Dispensation_. From the birth of Christ to his
second coming, Matt.-Rev.

Seven Dispensations. In each of these, man is put in a given state or
condition, has a responsibility in it, fails to meet the
responsibility, and suffers consequent Judgment.

1. _The Dispensation of Innocence_. From creation to the expulsion
from the garden, Gen. 1-3. In this period. Adam and Eve were under
obligations to keep their innocence by abstaining from the fruit of
the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Their failure has been the
most destructive and for reaching of all man's failures.

2. _The Dispensation of Conscience_. From the fall to the flood,
Gen. 4-9. Man had a natural conscience, or knew good from evil, and
was under obligation to do good and not evil. The time covered B. C.
4004-2348=1636 years for 1 and 2.

3. _The Dispensation of Human Governments_. From the flood to the
call of Abraham, Gen. 10-12. God gave the eight persons saved from the
flood power to govern the renewed earth. The time covered, B. C.
2348-1921.= 427 years.

4. _The Dispensation of Promise_. From Abraham to the giving of the
law. Gen. 12-Ex.19. God promised Abraham land, natural seed,
spiritual seed and other conditional promises. For the sake of study,
this dispensation is divided into two sections. (1) Abraham and the
chosen people, Gen. 12:50. (2) Moses and the Exodus, Ex. 1-19. The
time covered, B. C. 1921-1491=430 years.

5. The Dispensation of the Law. From Sinai to Calvary or from Exodus
to the cross, Ex. 20-John 21. The history of Israel in the wilderness
and their lapses into idolatry and their other sins while in Canaan,
their captivity by Babylon and final dispersion are evidences of their
failure in this dispensation. All of the Old Testament was written
during this period. The time covered, B. C. 1491-A. D. 34=1525 years.

6. The Dispensation of Grace. From Calvary to the second coming of
Christ, Act 8-Rev. Grace is God giving instead of requiring
righteousness. It is unmerited favor. During this dispensation,
perfect and eternal salvation is fully offered to both Jews and
Gentiles upon the condition of faith. It will end with the destruction
of the wicked. The time covered is not known.

7. The Dispensation of the Kingdom. The Millennium (1000).
Directions for Study. (1) Drill the class on the names of
dispensations, the portion of scripture included and the period of
time covered. (2) Have each student to select for himself some
prominent person or historical event found in each dispensation with
which he will familiarize himself.

* * * * *

Chapter VII.

Ages and Periods of Biblical History.

Bible history is commonly divided into the following ages or periods
according to the purpose to be served or the minuteness of the study
to be taken.

Seven Ages.

1. The Adamic Age. Gen. 1-8-From the creation to the flood.

2. The Noachian Age, Gen. 9-11-From the flood to the call of
Abraham.

3. The Abrahamic Age, Gen. 12-Ex. 19-From the call of Abraham to the
giving of the law.

4. The Mosaic Age, Ex. 20-1 Sam. 31-From the giving of the Law to
the reign of David.

5. The Davidic Age. 2 Sam. 1-2 Kings 25-From David's ascension to
the throne to the restoration.

6. The Ezraitic Age. Ezra-Mal.-From the restoration to the birth of
Christ.

7. The Christian Age. Matt-Rev.-From the birth to the second coming
of Christ.

Fifteen Historical Periods.

1. _The Ante-diluvian Period_, From the creation to the flood. Gen.
1-6. The time covered, B. C. 4004 minus 2348 equal 1656 years.

2. _The Post-diluvian Period_. From the flood to the call of
Abraham. Gen. 7-11. Time covered, B. C. 2348 minus 1921 equal 427
years.

3. _The Patriarchial Period_. From the call of Abraham to the
descent into Egypt. Gen. 12-50. Time covered. B. C. 1921 minus 1706
equal 215 years.

4. _The Period Of Bondage_. From the descent into Egypt to the
Exodus Ex. 1-12. Time covered B. C. 1706 minus 1491 equal 215 years.

5. _The Period of Wilderness Wandering_. From the exodus to the
entrance into Canaan. Ex. 2-Deut. 34. Time covered, B. C. 1491 minus
1451 equal 40 years.

6. _The Period of the Conquest of Canaan_. From the entrance of
Canaan to the time of the Judges, Job. 1-Judge 2. Time covered, B. C.
1451 minus 1400 equal 51 years.

7. _The Period of the Judges_. From the beginning of the Judges to
the beginning of the Kingdom. Judg. 3-Sam 8. Time covered, B. C, 1400
minus 1095 equal 305 years.

8. _The Period of the Kingdom of Israel_. From the beginning to the
division of the Kingdom, 1 Sam.9; King 11; 1 Chron. 10;2 Chron. 9.
Time covered B. C. 1095 minus 975 equal 120 years.

9. _The Period of the Two Kingdoms_. From the division of the
kingdom to the fall of Israel, 1 Kings 12; 2 Kings 18; 2 Chron. 10-29.
Time covered, B. C. 975 minus 722 equal 253 years.

10. _The Period of the Kingdom of Judah_. From the fall of Israel to
the fall of Judah, 2 Kings 21-25; 2 Chron. 33-36. Time covered, B. C.

722 minus 587 equal 135 years.

11. _The Period of Babylonian Captivity_. From the fall of Judah to
the restoration to Jerusalem. 2 Kings, Is., Jer, Eze., Dan. Time
covered, B. C. 587 minus 537 equal 50 years.

12. _The Period of the Restoration_. From the return to Jerusalem to
the end of the Old Testament, Ezra, Neh., Esth., Hag., Zech. Time
covered, B. C. 537 minus 445 equal 92 years.

13. _The Period Between the Testaments_. From the end of the Old
Testament to the Birth of Christ-no scripture. Time covered, B. C. 445
minus 4 equal 441 years.

14. _The Period of the Life of Christ_. From the birth of Jesus to
the ascension. Matt.-John. Time covered, B. C. 4 minus A. D. 30 equal
34 years.

15. _The Period of the Church after the Ascension_. From the
ascension to the second coming, Acts-Rev. Time covered A. D. 34 to the
end of the age.

Twenty-one Shorter Periods.

1. From the Creation to the Fall, Gen. 1-3.

2. From the Fall to the Flood. Gen. 4-8.

3. From the Flood to Abraham, Gen. 9-11.

4. From Abraham to Egypt. Gen. 12-50.

5. From Egypt to Sinai. Ex. 1-19.

6. From Sinai to Kadesh, Ex. 20-Num. 14.

7. From Kadesh to the death of Moses, Num. 14-Dt. 34.

8. Joshua's Conquest, Josh. 9. The Judges, Jud. 1-1 Sam. 7.

10. Saul's Reign. 1 Sam. 8-end.

11. David's Reign, 2 Sam.

12. Solomon's Reign. 1 K. 1-11.

13. The Divided Kingdom 1 K. 12-2 K. 17.

14. From the captivity of Israel to the captivity of Judah. 2 K. 18-
25. 15. From the captivity of Judah to the Restoration, Dan. and Eze.

16. From the Restoration to Malachi, Ezra, Neh., and Esther.

17. From Malachi to the Birth of Christ, no scripture.

18. From the Birth of Christ to the ascension, Matt-John. 19. From
the Ascension to the Church at Antioch, Acts 1-12.

20. From Antioch to the Destruction of Jerusalem, Acts 13-28.

21. From the Destruction of Jerusalem to the close of the New
Testament. John and Rev.

Note 1. The author's "Bible Period by Period" is based upon these
twenty-one periods and will furnish material for a study of the whole
story of the Bible.

Note 2. To the scripture given for each period should be added
corresponding scripture such as sections in Chron. corresponding to
that of Kings.

Directions for Study. (1) Drill separately on the ages, fifteen
periods with the scripture and period covered by each until the class
is thoroughly familiar with them. Require the students to select some
event or character found in each age and period and drill on them
until they know something found in each.

* * * * *

Chapter VIII.

Some General Matters and Biblical Characters.

Some General Matters.

Any intelligent reading of the Bible requires a knowledge of some
general matters. This chapter looks to the study of some of the most
important of them.

_Sacred Mountains and Hills_.

(1) Ararat, Gen. 8:4. (2) Lebanon. 1 K. 5:6; Josh, 13:5-6. (3) Hor,
Num. 34:7-8. (4) Hermon, Dt. 4:48; S. of S. 4:8. (5) Gilead, Gen.
31:25; Dt. 32:49. (7) Tabor, Josh. 19:22; Jud. 4:6. (8) Carmel, Is.
32:9; 1 K. 18-19. (9) Moriah, 2 Chron. 3:1-10. Zion, 2 Sam. 5:7-9; Ps,
87:2, 5. (11) Sinai, Ex. 19:1, 11 etc. (12) Horeb, Ex. 3:1; 1 K. 19:8
etc. (13) Calvary Mt. 27:45. (14) Olivet or Olives, Zech. 14:4: Mk.
13:3.

_The Jewish Months_.

Hebrew Names Roman Names.

1. Nisan or Ahib March and April

2. Iyar or Ziv April and May.

3. Sivan May and June.

4. Tammuz June and July.

5. Ab July and August.

6. Elul August and September.

7. Tisri or Eharium September and October.

8. Marchesvan October and November.

9. Casleu or Chisleu November and December.

10. Tebeth December and January.

11. Shebat January and February.

12. Adar February and March.

_Politico-Religious Parties_.

1. The Parties. (1) The Galileans. (2) Samaritans. (3) Proselytes.
(4) Hellenists. (5) Herodians. (6) Publicans.

2. The Religious Classes. (1) Scribes. (2) Pharisees. (3)
Sadducees. (4) Zealots. (5) Essenes.

Note. By reference to some good Bible dictionary become familiar with
the history and importance of all the topics of the chapter.

Some Biblical Characters.

_Twenty Principal Men_

(1) Adams, Gen. 1-3. (2) Noah, Gen. 5-9. (3) Abraham, Gen. 12-25. (4)
Jacob, Gen. 25-50. (5) Moses, Ex-Dt. (6) Joshua, Josh. (7) Gideon,
Jud. 6-8. (8) Samuel, 1 Sam. 1-25. (9) David, 2 Sam. and 1 Chron.
11-29. (10) Solomon, 1 K. 1-11, 2 K. 2. (11) Hezekiah, 2 K. 18-20.
(12) Josiah, 2 K. 22-23. (13) Daniel, Dan. 1-12. (14) Ezra, Ezr. 7-10;
Neh. 8. (15) John the Baptist, Mt. Lu. Jno. (16) Peter, Four Gospels
and Acts. (17) Paul, Acts 9-28 and the Epistles. (18) John, the
Gospels and Revelation.

_Some Prophets_.

First Group. Tell something of the character and work of each of the
following: (1) Enoch, Jude 14; (2) Noah, 2 Pet. 2:5; Gen. 6:25-27; (3)
Samuel, 1 Sam. 9:9; 1 Chron. 29:29; (4) Nathan, 2 Sam. 7:2-4;12:2-7;
(5) Gad, 1 Sam. 22:5; 2 Sam. 24:11; (6) Ahijah, 1 K. 14:2; (7) Elijah,
1 K. 17-19; 1 Sam. 1-2; (8) Elisha, 2 K. 3-8; (9) Jonah, the book;
(10) Malachi, the book; (11) Agabus, Acts 21:10; (12) Daughters of
Philip, Acts 21:9.

Second Group. Sam. - King. What prophet prophesied to each of the
following kings and what message did he bring: (1) Saul. 1 Sam. 15:17.
(2) David, 2 Sam. 7:2-3; 12:2-7. (3) Solomon, (4) Rehoboam, 1 K.
12:22; (5) Asa. (6) Ahab, 1 K. 17:1 ff. (7) Jeroboam. (8) Joash, 2 K.
13:14. (9) Jeroboam II, 1 K. 11:29 ff. (10) Ahaz. Is. 7:1-3. (11)
Hezekiah, Is. 19:2. (12) Josiah and his sons, 2 K. 22:14.

Third Group. Which prophet prophesied against the following nations
and what was the nature of their prophecy: (1) Syria, Is. 17:3; Jer.
49:23; Amos. 1:3; Zech. 9:2; (2) Ninevah, Jonah, 1;1. Nahum 2:8 etc;
(3) Babylon, Is. 13:1; Jer. 25:12; (4) Moab, Is. 15:1 Jer. 25:21; Jer.
47; Eze. 25:8; Amos 2:1. (5) Ammon, Jer. 49:6; Eze. 21:28; Amos 1:13;
(6) Philistia, Is. 14:29. Zech. 9:6; Jer. 47:1. 4 Eze. 25:15; (7)
Egypt. Is. 19:1; Jer. 44:28; Eze. 29; (8) Tyre of Phoenicia.

_Some Women_.

First Group. In what connection and in what books of the Bible are the
following women considered? (1) Eve, Gen. 2:20; 4:1. (2) Sarah,
Gen.11, 29; 17:15. (3) Hagar, Gen. 16:1. (4) Rebekah, Gen. 24:15. (5)
Keturah, Gen. 25:1. (6) Rachel, Gen. 29: 16ff. (7) Leah, Gen. 29:16ff.
(8) Dinah, Gen. 30:21; 34:11. (9) Adah, Gen. 36:2. (10) Asenath, Gen.
41:45. (11) Shiphrah and Puah, Ex. 1:15. (12) Jehochebed, Ex. 6:20.
(13) Miriam. Ex. 2:4; 15:20; Num. 12:1 etc. (14) Zipporah, Ex. 2:21;
4:23; 18:20. (15) Rahab. Josh, 2:1-21. Heb. 11:31; Mt. 1:5. (16)
Deborah. Jud. 4:4. (17) Ruth, Ruth 1:4. (18) Hannah, 1 Sam. chs. 1-2.
(19) Bathshebah, 2 Sam. 11:3. (20) Abishag, 1 K. 1:3. (21) Jezebel, 1
K. 21:5. (22) Vashti, Esth. 1:19. (23) Esther, Esth. 2:7. (24) Mary.
Mt. 1:18; Lu. 1:27. (25) Elizabeth. Lu. 1:5. (26) Martha. Jno. 12:2.
(27) Sapphira, Acts 5:1. (28) Tabitha, Dorcas, Acts 9:36. (29) Lydia
Acts. 16:14.

Second Group. In what connection are the following mentioned; (1) The
witch of Endor, 1 Sara. 28:7. (2) The women of Tekoa. 2 Sam. 14. (3)
The queen of Sheba, 1 King 17:9. 10 (Elijah). (5) The woman of Shunem,
2 King 4:8 (Elisha). (6) The Samaritan woman. Jho. Ch. 4. (7) The
Syrophenician woman, Matt. 15:21-28. (8) Peter's mother in-law. Matt.
8: 14-17. (9) The widow of Nain, Lu. 7:11. (10) The daughter of
Jairus, Matt. 9:23-26.

Third Group. Who is the mother of: (I) Seth. Gen. 5:3. (2) Isaac, Gen.
21:1 ff. (3) Ishmael, Gen. 16:16. (4) Jacob, Gen. 25:20ff (5) Judah.
Gen. 29:35. (6) Joseph, (7) Ephraim. Gen. 41:52. (8) Moses, Ex. 6:20.
(9) Samuel. 1 Sam. 1:20. (10) Joab. I Chron. 2:16. (11) Absalom, 2
Sam. 3:3. (12) Solomon, 2 Sam. 12:24. (13) Rehoboam, I King 14:21-22.
(14) John the Baptist, Lu. 1:57.

* * * * *

THE BIBLE BOOK BY BOOK.

A MANUAL.

For the Outline Study of the Bible by Books.

* * * * *
Chapter I.

Genesis.

The Name means beginning, origin, or creation. The leading thought,
therefore, is creation and we should study it with a view to finding
out everything, the beginning of which is recorded in it. Certainly we
have the record of: (1) The beginning of the world which God created.
(2) The beginning of man as the creature of God. (3) The beginning of
sin, which entered the world through the disobedience of man. (4) The
beginning of redemption, seen alike in the promises and types of the
book and in the chosen family. (5) The beginning of condemnation, seen
in the destruction and punishment of individuals, cities and the
world.

The Purpose. The chief purpose of the book is to write a religious
history, showing how, after man had fallen into sin, God began to give
him a religion and to unfold to him a plan of salvation. In doing this
God is revealed as Creator, Preserver, Law-Giver, Judge and Merciful
Sovereign.

The Importance of Genesis to Science. While the book does not attempt
to explain many matters which are left to investigation, it does set
out several facts which indicate the general plan of the universe and
furnish a basis for scientific research. Among the more important
things indicated are that: (1) There was a beginning of things. (2)
Things did not come by chance. (3) There is a Creator who continues to
take interest in and control the universe. (4) There was orderly
progress in creation from the less and more simple to the greater and
more complex. (5) Everything else was brought into existence for man
who is the crowning work of creation.

The Religious Importance of the Book. The germ of all truth which is
unfolded in the scripture is found in Genesis and to know well this
book is to know God's plan for the blessing of man. Above all we learn
about the nature and work of God.

Analysis.

Note. In an ordinary academy class I would not tax the students with
the memory of more than the general divisions indicated by the Roman
notation, I, etc. But, in this, and all other outlines, drill the
class till these divisions, with the scripture included, are known
perfectly. I would also try to fix some event mentioned in each
section.

I. Creation, Chs. 1-2.

1. Creation in general, Ch. 1.

2. Creation of man in particular, Ch. 2.

II. Fall. Ch. 3.

1 Temptation, 1-5.

2. Fall, 6-8.

3. Lord's appearance, 9-13.

4. Curse, 14-21. 5. Exclusion from the garden, 22-24.

III. Flood, Chs. 4-9.
1. Growth of sin through Cain, 4:1-24.

2. Genealogy of Noah, 4: 25-5 end,

3. Building of the Ark, Ch. 6.

4. Occupying the Ark, Ch. 7.

5. Departure from the Ark, Ch. 8.

6. Covenant with Noah, Ch. 9.

IV. Nations, 10:1-11:9.

1. Basis of Nations, Noah's sons, Ch. 10. How?

2. Occasion of forming the nations, 11:1-9. Why?

V. Abraham, 11:10-25:18.

1. Genealogy of Abram from Shem, 11:10 end.

2. Call and promise, Ch. 12.

3. Abraham and Lot, Chs. 13-14.

4. Covenant, 15: 1-18: 15.

5. Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, 18:16-19 end.

6. Lives at Gerar, Ch. 20.

7. Birth of Isaac, Ch. 21.

8. Sacrifice of Isaac, Ch. 22.

9. Death of Sarah, Ch. 23.

10. Marriage of Isaac, Ch. 24.

11. Death of Abraham and Ishmael, 25:1-18.

VI. Isaac. 26:19-36 end.

1. His two sons, 25:19 end.

2. Divine covenant. Ch. 26.

3. Jacob's deception, Ch. 27.

4. Jacob's flight into Haran, Ch. 28.

5. Jacob's marriage and prosperity, Chs. 20-30.

6. Jacob's return to Canaan. Chs, 31-35.

7. Generations of Esau, Ch. 36.

VII. Jacob, including Joseph, Chs. 37-50.

1. Jacob and Joseph, Chs. 37-45.

2. Sojourn in Egypt, Chs. 46-48.

3. Death of Jacob and Joseph, Chs. 49-50.
For Study and Discussion. (1) All that we may learn from this book
concerning the nature and work of God. (2) The different things the
origin of which this book tells: (a) Inanimate things, (b) Plant life,
(c) Animal life, (d) Human life, (e) Devices for comfort and safety,
(f) Sin and its varied effects, (g) Various trades and manners of
life, (h) Redemption, (i) Condemnation. (3) Worship as it appears in
Genesis, its form and development. (4) The principal men of the book
and the elements of weakness and strength in the character of each.
The teacher may make a list and assign them for study to different
pupils. (5) List the disappointments, family troubles and sorrows of
Jacob, and study them in the light of his early deception and fraud.
(6) The over-ruling divine providence seen in the career of Joseph,
with the present day lessons from the incidents of his life. (7) The
fundamental value of faith in the life and destiny of men. (8) The
Messianic promises, types and symbols of the entire book. List and
classify them.

* * * * *

Chapter 2.

Exodus.

Name. The name Exodus means a going out or departure.

Subject The subject and key-word of the book is redemption (3:7, 8;
12:13 etc.), particularly that half of redemption indicated by
deliverance from an evil plight. It records the redemption of the
chosen people out of Egyptian bondage, which becomes a type of all
redemption in that it was accomplished (1) wholly through the power of
God, (2) by a means of a deliverer (3) under the cover of blood.

Purpose. At this point Old Testament history changes from that of the
family, given in individual biographies and family records, to that of
the nation, chosen for the divine purposes. The divine will is no
longer revealed to a few leaders but to the whole people. It begins
with the cruel bondage of Israel in Egypt, traces the remarkable
events of their delivery and ends with a complete establishment of the
dispensation of the Law. The aim seems to be to give an account of the
first stage in the fulfillment of the promises made by God to the
Patriarchs with reference to the place and growth of the Israelites.

Contents. Two distinct sections are usually given by students: the
historical, included in chapters 1-19 and the legislative, comprising
chapters 20-40. The first section records: the need of deliverance;
the birth, training and call of the deliverer; the contest with
Pharaoh; the deliverance and march through the wilderness to Sinai.
The second gives the consecration of the nation and the covenant upon
which it was to become a nation. The laws were such as to cover all
the needs of a primitive people, both moral, ceremonial and civic with
directions for the establishment of the Priesthood and Sanctuary.

Exodus and Science, Scientific research has gone far toward
establishing the truthfulness of the Exodus record, but has brought to
light nothing that in any way discounts it. It has shown who the
Pharaoh of the oppression and Exodus was (Rameses. II, the Pharaoh of
the oppression and Merenpth II, the Pharaoh of the Exodus.) and has
discovered Succoth. It has shown that writing was used long before the
Exodus and has discovered documents written before that period. It has
thus confirmed the condition of things narrated in the Bible.

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