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Important papers occur in the ten volumes of _Collections_ published
by the New Hampshire Historical Society. For Maine the reader is
referred to the _Collections_ of the Massachusetts Historical Society
and those of the Maine Historical Society. Important original material
may be found in _York Deeds_ (11 vols., 1642-1726).

For the early history of both colonies John Winthrop, _History of New
England_, is the principal original authority. The narrative of Gorges
has some value in connection with both colonies. Special tracts and
documents are treated in chap, xvi., above.


DUTCH COLONY OF NEW NETHERLAND

The standard authorities for the early history of this colony are E.B.
O'Callaghan, _History of New Netherland_ (2 vols., 1855), and John
Romeyn Brodhead, _History of the State of New York_ (2 vols., 1872).
The voyage of Henry Hudson is told in Purchas; and the _Documents
Relating to the History of New York_ (15 vols., 1856-1861) collected
by John Romeyn Brodhead shed light on the early Dutch trading-post at
New Amsterdam. The first mention by the English of the Dutch on the
Hudson is made in a work republished in the _Collections_ of the
Massachusetts Historical Society (2d series, IX., 1-25), in which it
is stated that an English sea-captain, Dermer, "met on his voyage from
[Virginia to New England] with certain Hollanders who had a trade in
Hudson River some years before that time, 1619."

For the relations of the Dutch with the English the main authorities
are William Bradford, _Plimoth Plantation_; John Winthrop, _History of
New England_; the "Proceedings of the Federal Commissioners,"
published in _Plymouth Colony Records_, IX., X., and _New Haven
Records_, and Hazard, _State Papers_, II.; and Peter de Vries,
_Journal_ (N.Y. Hist. Soc., _Collections_, 2d series, III.).


NEW SWEDEN

The founding of New Sweden is probably best told in Benjamin Ferris,
_History of the Original Settlements on the Delaware_ (1846),
extracted from works already published in English, and is interesting
and valuable as identifying and describing many of the places
mentioned. Winthrop and the records of the federal commissioners set
out pretty fully the relations with the English colonies.


NEW FRANCE AND ACADIA

A series of chapters in Winsor, _Narrative and Critical History of
America_ (vol. IV., chaps, i.-iv.) tell the story of the founding of
the French dominion in America. The chief original authorities are
Richard Hakluyt, _Voyages_; Samuel de Champlain, _Les Voyages_; Marc
Lescarbot, _Histoire de la Nouvelle France_; and the _Jesuit
Relations_.

For relations with the English the chief original authority is
Winthrop. Among the late French writers the pre-eminence is accorded
to the Jesuit father Pierre Francois Xavier de Charlevoix, _Histoire
de la Nouvelle France_.


RIVALRY WITH SPAIN

The rivalry of England with Spain, which is the greatest underlying
principle of English colonization, is depicted fully in Hakluyt,
_Discourses on Western Planting_, written at Raleigh's request and
shown to Queen Elizabeth; first printed in 1877 by Dr. Charles Deane
in the Maine Hist. Soc., _Collections_ (2d series, II.). The lives of
Gilbert and Raleigh were manifestations of this spirit of rivalry, and
Edward Edwards, _Life of Sir Walter Raleigh_ (2 vols., 1868), contains
the fullest and best account extant of the two half-brothers. In an
excellent little work, _Thomas Hariot and His Associates_ (1900),
developed by Henry Stevens chiefly from dormant material, we have a
most entertaining and interesting account of Thomas Hariot, Sir
Humphrey Gilbert, Sir Walter Raleigh, Jacques Le Moyne, Captain John
White, and other noble spirits associated in the colonization of
America. Compare the critical chapter of E.G. Bourne, _Spain in
America_ (_The American Nation_, III.).


RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES

Religious influences entered largely into the settlement and
development of the different colonies in America. The chief
authorities on the subject are James Carwithen, _History of the Church
of England_ (1849); Daniel Neal, _History of the Puritans_ (1844);
Anderson, _History of the Church of England in the Colonies_ (2 vols.,
2d ed., 1856); William Stevens Perry, _History of the American
Episcopal Church_ (2 vols., 1885); Francis Lister Hawks,
_Contributions to the Ecclesiastical History of the United States_ (2
vols., 1836-1839). William Meade, _Old Churches in Virginia_ (2 vols.,
1857), tells much about the early church in Virginia. In the _Johns
Hopkins University Studies_ are Paul E. Lauer, _Church and State in
New England_, X., Nos. ii., iii.; and George Petrie, _Church and State
in Maryland_, X., No. iv.


SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

For Virginia the economic side has been fully presented by Philip A.
Bruce in his _Economic History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century_
(2 vols., 1896). The social side during the period of the present
volume has not been thoroughly covered by any modern writer. For
Maryland no detailed statement can be found, but much valuable
information is contained in Newton D. Mereness, _Maryland as a
Proprietary Province_ (1901). For New England the social and economic
status is fully presented by William B. Weeden, _Economic and Social
History of New England_ (2 vols., 1891). John G. Palfrey, _History of
New England_ (4 vols.), has also several valuable chapters on the
subject. Edward Eggleston, _Beginners of a Nation_ (1897) and _Transit
of Civilization_ (1900) deal very appreciatively with social elements
and conditions.


INDEX

Acadia, Argall's raid, 72, 149, 289;
attacks on Plymouth posts, 176, 177;
settlement, 287;
English grant and rule, 289;
restored to France, 290;
La Tour-Aulnay dissension, 290, 306-309;
bibliography, 337.

Agamenticus. _See_ York.

Alexander, Sir William, grants, 207, 289, 294;
expedition against Canada, 289;
protests restoration, 290.

Antinomian controversy, 219-228;
Anne Hutchinson's doctrines, 219;
factions, 220, 221;
ministerial conferences, 220, 225;
political aspect, 221-225;
Antinomians banished, 226-228;
effect, 228.

Archer, Gabriel, in Virginia, 43, 52, 54, 63.

Argall, Samuel, relieves Virginia, 59, 63, 68;
deputy governor, 70, 77;
captures Pocahontas, 71;
raids on Acadia, 72, 149, 289;
tyranny, 77, 78;
colonizing plan, 292.

Assistants, in Plymouth, 179;
in Massachusetts, elective, 188, 203;
permanent tenure, 201, 202;
as a court, 202, 203;
legislative power, 203;
in Connecticut, 258;
tenure, 259.

Aulnay, Sieur d', in Acadia, quarrel with La Tour 290, 306-309.

Baltimore, Cecilius, Lord, early years, character, 123;
power as proprietary, 123-126;
religious toleration, 125, 126, 139, 140, 143, 144;
control of legislation, 131, 133;
and Kent Island affair, 135-138;
deposed by king, 142, 145;
and Parliament, 143, 145-147.

Baltimore, George, Lord, early years, 118;
settlement in Newfoundland, 118, 119;
Catholic, 119;
ennobled, 119;
in Virginia, 119;
seeks grant in Virginia, 119-121;
first charter, 121;
opposition of Virginia, 120-123;
Maryland charter, 121;
death, 122.

Baptists, in Rhode Island, 237;
persecuted in Massachusetts, 238.

Bennett, Richard, commissioner, 111, 112;
governor of Virginia, 113;
in Maryland, 147.

Berkeley, Sir William, royalist governor of Virginia, 105;
and Puritans, 106, 108;
and parliamentary commission, 112.

Bermudas, Gates at, 62.

Bibliographies of period 1574-1652, 328.

Bicameral legislatures, 93, 133, 203, 258.

Boston, Blackstone's house, 175;
settled, 198.

Boundaries, Virginia charter (1606), 37; (1609), 61;
Maryland charter, 121;
New England charter, 152;
Plymouth, 173;
Massachusetts charter, 184, 270, 279;
Rhode Island charter, 235;
New Netherland charter, 292, 313;
Massachusetts-Plymouth, 298;
Massachusetts-Connecticut, 304;
New England-New Netherland, 313, 314.

Bradford, William, Separatist, 156;
in Leyden, 158;
emigrates, 160;
governor of Plymouth, 164.

Brewster, William, Separatist, 155;
in Leyden, 157;
emigrates, 160;
minister in Plymouth, 181.

Brooke, Lord, grant in Connecticut, 248;
buys Dover, 268, 271.

Cabot, John, voyage, 6.

Cabot, Sebastian, and English trade, 8.

Calvert, Leonard, governor of Maryland, 126;
Kent Island affair, 135-138;
letters of marque, 140;
driven from Maryland, 141;
regains control, 142;
death, 143.

Cambridge platform, 320, 321.

Canada, French voyages, 284;
Roberval's colony, 285;
colonizing company, 286;
Quebec settled, 288;
origin of Iroquois hostility, 288;
company reorganized, 288;
supplies captured, 289;
Alexander's grant, 289;
English capture, 290;
restored to France, 290;
and Massachusetts' trade, 309;
bibliography, 337.

Cape Ann, Plymouth claim, 170;
Dorchester settlers, 170;
trouble, 171;
settlement moved, 183.

Cartier, Jacques, voyages, 284, 285.

Carver, John, Separatist, in Leyden, 158;
seeks patent, 150;
emigrates, 160;
governor of Plymouth, 161;
death, 164.

Casco. See Falmouth.

Catholics, in Maryland, 126, 139, 140;
missionaries in Canada, 287, 288, 290.

Cavendish, Thomas, voyage, 13;
with Raleigh's colony, 23.

Challons, Henry, attempted settlement, 39.

Champlain, Samuel, first visit to Canada, 286;
in Acadia, 287;
settles Quebec, 288;
attacks Iroquois, 288;
surrenders, 290;
return to Canada, 290.

Chancellor, Richard, voyage, 8.

Charles I., and Virginia, 91-96, 99, 105, 120;
and Baltimore, 120;
and Kent Island, 136-138;
and Massachusetts, 204-209.

Charlestown, Walford's settlement, 175;
laid out, named, 190;
sickness, 196, 198.

Charters, Merchant Adventurers (1554), 8;
trading (1566), 14;
Gilbert (1578), 15;
Raleigh (1584), 22;
Virginia (1606), 36-38; (1609), 59-61; (1612), 76; annulled, 88;
Virginia parliamentary, 105;
Maryland (1632), 122-126;
New England (1620), 152; resigned, 207;
Massachusetts, (1629), 188, 189;
Rhode Island (1644), 235;
Gorges (1637), 275.
_See also_ Grants.

Chelsea, settled, 175.

Church of England in Virginia, 80, 106;
improved ministry, 110.

Claiborne, William, Kent Island settlement, 95, 134;
and Harvey, 96;
commissioner, 111, 112;
opposes Baltimore's charter, 121;
career, 121;
denies Baltimore's authority, 135;
arrest ordered, 136;
appeals to king, 136, 137;
conflict on island, 136;
treachery of Evelin, 137;
island seized, 138;
attainted, 138;
claim invalidated, 138;
property confiscated, 138;
return to Kent Island, 142;
ascendency in Maryland, 147.

Cocheco. _See_ Dover.

Coddington, William, in Rhode Island, 229, 237;
royal commission, 237, 238.

Colonies, English, Gilbert's charter, 15;
immunities, 16;
Gilbert's attempts, 16-21;
debt to Raleigh, 32;
Gosnold and Gilbert's attempt, 34;
joint-stock companies, 36;
royal administration, 96, 206;
connected history, 282;
bibliography, 329-331;
bibliography on religious influences, 338;
bibliography on social and economic conditions, 338.
_See also_ colonies and companies by name.

Colonies, French. _See_ Acadia, Canada.

Colonies, Spanish, influence on Spain, 4;
and Hawkins, 9, 10;
Drake's attacks, 11, 12;
Cavendish plunders, 13;
bibliography on English relations, 337.

Commission for Foreign Plantations, 96, 206.

Communism in Virginia, 59, 73, 77, 79;
in Plymouth, 167.

Conant, Roger, in Massachusetts, 170, 171, 183.

Congregationalism, beginnings, 154;
established in Massachusetts, 190, 196, 201, 202, 210;
disclaimed, 194, 197;
Massachusetts clergy, 200, 205;
opposition, 211, 212;
Antinomian controversy, 219-228;
in Connecticut, 258;
in New Haven, 263;
Cambridge platform, 320;
effect, 321.
_See also_ Pilgrims.

Connecticut, elements, 239;
Plymouth's interest, 240-242, 245;
Dutch in, 241, 249, 310, 316;
migration from Massachusetts, 242-247;
settled by organized communities, 247;
Saltonstall's settlement, 248;
Saybrook, 249;
union of settlements, 250;
Pequot War, 251-257;
Fundamental Orders, 257-259;
suffrage, 258;
theocracy, 258;
tenure of office, 259;
growth, 259, 260;
acquires Fenwick patent, 260;
population (1653), 260;
Massachusetts boundary, 304;
river tolls, 304-306;
bibliography, 335.
_See also_ New England.

Constitutions, Connecticut (1639), 257-259.

Cotton, John, in Massachusetts, 205;
character, 218, 243, 321;
and Antinomianism, 220, 223, 226, 227;
death, 321.

Council in Maryland, 129.
_See also_ Assistants.

Council for New England, charter, 152;
territory, 152;
patent to Plymouth, 164;
grant to Weston, 166;
fishing monopoly endangered, 167;
temporary activity, 168;
division, 168, 185;
discouraged, 169;
grant to Massachusetts, 184;
conflicting grants, 185;
redivision, 207;
resigns charter, 207;
grants to Mason and Gorges, 266, 268;
other Maine grants, 274-277.
_See also_ Plymouth Company.

Courts, Maryland, 129;
New England codes, 180, 203, 326;
assistants, in Massachusetts, 202, 203;
New Haven, 265.

Dale, Sir Thomas, deputy governor of Virginia, policy and discipline, 70;
and Indians, 71;
expeditions against French, 72;
abolishes communism, 73;
departs, 74.

Davenport, John, purpose, 260;
in Boston, 261;
settles New Haven, 261;
organizes government, 262.

Davis, John, voyages, 15.

Delaware, Lord, governor of Virginia, 61, 78;
arrival, 67, 68;
administration, 68, 69;
death, 78.

Delaware River, named, 72;
Dutch on, 293;
Dutch and Virginians, 294;
Swedes on, 296;
New Haven on, 296, 311, 315.

Denys, Jean, voyage, 284.

Dorchester, settled, 198;
restless, 242;
emigration to Connecticut, 245, 246;
settles Windsor, 247;
town government, 323.

Dorchester adventurers, settlement, 170;
renewed activity, 183;
patent, 184.
_See also_ Massachusetts.

Dover (Cocheco), settlement, 175, 267;
feeble existence, 268;
Puritans control, 268;
Antinomian settlers, 269;
dissensions, 269;
civil contract, 270;
annexed by Massachusetts, 271.

Drake, Sir Francis, with Hawkins, 10;
early years, 10;
attack on Panama, 11;
on Pacific settlements, 12;
circumnavigation, 12;
Elizabeth's reception, 13;
rescues Raleigh's colony, 25.

Dudley, Thomas, agrees to emigrate, 193;
deputy governor of Massachusetts, 193, 224;
disclaims Separatism, 197;
governor, 200, 215.

Eaton, Theophilus, purpose, 260;
governor of New Haven, 263.

Economic condition, England (1606), 39;
Virginia (1648), 110;
New England (1652), 322;
money in New England, 325.

Education, in Virginia, 116, 117;
in Maryland, 147;
in Plymouth, 181;
public, in Massachusetts, 323;
Harvard College, 324;
in Connecticut, 324;
extent in New England, 325.

Eliot, John, contumacy, 211;
Indian mission, 303.

Elizabeth, and Hawkins, 10;
and Drake, 13;
and Frobisher, 14;
and Gilbert, 15, 18;
and Raleigh, 21;
names Virginia, 23;
support of Protestantism, 28;
and Puritans, 153.

Endicott, John, grantee, 184;
at Salem, 186;
suppresses Merry Mount, 186;
anticipates Oldham, 190;
Congregationalist, 190;
banishes Conformists, 191;
and Morton, 192;
defaces flag, 206;
expedition against Pequots, 252;
character, 321.

England, spirit of progress, 3, 4;
religious conditions, 5;
Spanish rivalry, 5;
claim to America, 6;
unprepared for colonization, 7;
fisheries, 7;
trade development (1550) 8;
slave-trade, 8-10;
trade under Mary, 9;
private attacks on Spanish colonies, 10-13;
search for northwest passage, 14;
Spanish war, 28-30, 35;
Armada, 30;
economic condition (1606), 39;
Puritanism, 153;
Separatism, 154-156;
and French colonies, 289;
and New Netherland, 292;
bibliography on Spanish relations, 337.
_See also_ colonies, and sovereigns by name.

Evelin, George, and Kent Island, 137.

Exeter, settled, 269;
civil contract, 270;
annexed by Massachusetts, 272.

Falmouth (Casco), Cleves at, 277;
submits to Massachusetts, 281.

Fenwick, George, patent, 260, 304.

Ferdinando, Simon, voyage, 17.

Fisheries, English interests, 9;
New England monopoly, 168.

Frobisher, Martin, voyages, 14.

Fur-trade, New England monopoly, 168;
French grants, 286, 287;
Dutch, 291, 293.

Gates, Sir Thomas, governor of Virginia, 61, 70;
at Bermudas, 62;
at Jamestown, 62, 67.

Gilbert, Bartholomew, attempted colony, 34.

Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, purpose, 6;
early years, 13;
first efforts, 14;
pamphlet, 14;
charter, 15;
first expedition, 16;
preparation for second, 17;
second, 18-21;
death, 20.

Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, career, 151;
colonial activity, 151;
opposition to Massachusetts, 187, 204-209;
grants, 207, 266, 268;
general governor, 208;
Massachusetts annexes grant, 209, 279, 280;
settlements in territory, 272-274, 276, 277;
charter and regulations, 275;
and Plough patent, 277, 278;
death, 278.

Gorges, John, patent, 187;
grant to Oldham, 187;
heir, 274.

Gorges, Robert, settlement, 168;
and Weston, 169;
grant, 185, 186;
heir, 187.

Gorton, Samuel, settlement, 230, 233;
character, 232;
trouble with Massachusetts, 232-234;
banished, 234;
return, 234.

Gosnold, Bartholomew, attempted colony, 34;
in Virginia, 42, 49;
death, 51.

Governors, Virginia, under charter, 61, 79, 80;
elective, in Plymouth, 179;
in Massachusetts, 199, 202;
in Connecticut, 258, 259;
in New Haven, 263, 264.

Grants, Heath (1629), 120;
Pilgrims, 159, 164, 172;
Weston (1622), 166;
Pierce (1623), 167;
Massachusetts (1628), 184;
conflicting, 185;
Mason and Gorges (1622), 185, 266; (1629), 267, 268; (1631), 268;
R. Gorges (1622) 185;
Sheffield (1623) 185;
E. Gorges (1623), 185;
division of New England (1635), 207;
Say and Brooke (1631), 248;
various, in Maine, 274, 276;
Plough, 277;
Monts. (1604), 286;
Alexander (1621, 1628), 289;
Plowden (1632), 294.
_See also_ Charters.

Grenville, Sir Richard, and Gilbert's plan, 15;
conducts Raleigh's colony, 23, 26;
captures Spanish ship, 24;
death, 24.

Hakluyt, Richard, and Gilbert's plan, 15, 17;
Western Planting, 22;
buys trade right, 31;
trade venture, 35;
instructions to settlers, 42.

Hanham, Thomas, voyage, 39.

Hartford, Dutch fort, 241, 310, 316;
English settlers, 247.

Harvard College, 324.

Harvey, John, governor of Virginia, 93;
conduct, 96;
deposed, 97, 136;
reinstated, 98;
called to account, 104.

Hawkins, Sir John, slave-trade, 9;
attacked by Spanish, 10.

Hawkins, William, slave-trade, 8.

Haynes, John, governor of Connecticut, 200;
effort for confederation, 297.

Higginson, Francis, minister at Salem, 191;
death, 198.

Hooker, Thomas, in Massachusetts, 205;
liberality, 243;
goes to Connecticut, 247;
effort for confederation, 297.

Hore, voyage, 7.

Houses, Virginia, 114.

Hudson, Henry, voyage, 291.

Hutchinson, Anne, doctrine, 219;
following and controversy, 220-225;
punishment of followers, 225, 226;
banished, 226-228;
in Rhode Island, 228;
under surveillance, 231;
removes, 231;
slain, 231.

Indians, and Raleigh's colony, 27, 28;
Virginia confederacies, 44, 45;
houses, 45;
religion, 45;
adoption of victims, 46-48;
maidens' dance, 48;
and Virginia, 49, 51, 65, 66, 68, 71;
massacres in Virginia, 85, 107;
peace, 108;
and Maryland, 127, 136, 139;
pestilence in New England, 152;
and Plymouth, 163-165, 177;
and Massachusetts, 200;
Roger Williams's influence, 213, 217, 253;
Narragansett-Mohegan war, 233, 301;
Pequot War, 251-257;
and French, 288;
and New England Confederation, 300-302;
New England missions, 302-304;
number of praying, 304;
Dutch war, 296, 311.

Ingle, Richard, in Maryland, 141.

Iroquois, and English, 256;
origin of hostility to French, 288.

James I., and London Company, 82, 83, 86-88, 90;
and Separatists, 155;
and Pilgrims, 159.

Jamestown, founded, 50;
burned, 53;
in 1634, 101;
improved houses, 102.

Kent Island, occupied, 95;
Virginia's claim, 134;
Baltimore's authority denied, 135;
seizure ordered, 136;
conflict, 136;
royal order, 137;
Evelin's treachery, 137;
reduced by Calvert, 138;
decreed to Baltimore, 138;
Claiborne's return, 142.

Kieft, William, governor of New Netherland, 296;
and New England, 310-312.

Kittery, settlement, 278;
submits to Massachusetts, 280.

Land, allotment in Virginia, 79;
manors in Maryland, 130;
division in Plymouth, 167;
in Massachusetts, 189;
Williams's objection to titles, 213, 214.

La Roche, Marquis de, colony, 286.

La Tour, Charles de, in Acadia, quarrel with Aulnay, 290, 306-309;
Massachusetts aids, 291, 306-309.

Legislation, of Virginia's first assembly, 80;
on tobacco, 103;
initiative in Maryland, 131, 133;
Maryland Toleration Act, 144;
New England codes, 180, 203, 326;
initiative in Massachusetts, 203;
New England sumptuary, 326.

Lery, Baron de, attempted settlement, 284.

Literature in New England, 327.

London Company, charter, 36-38;
patron, 37;
government, 37-39;
new charter, 59-61;
third charter, 76;
self-government, 76;
policy, 76;
control, 81;
and the king, 82;
Sandys's enterprise, 82;
overthrow, 86-88;
service, 88;
loyalty of colony, 89;
attempts to restore, 91, 95, 104-106;
patents to Pilgrims, 159.
_See also_ Virginia.

Long Island, Plowden's grant, 294;
Alexander's grant, 294;
English settlements, 296.

Lyford, John, in Plymouth and Massachusetts, 170, 171.

Lynn, settled, 198.

Mace, Samuel, voyage, 33.

Maine, Popham's colony, 40, 41;
grants, 207, 266, 268, 274-277;
Massachusetts annexes, 209, 279-281;
settlements, 267, 273;
origin of name, 272;
Gorges's charter and regulations, 275;
Massachusetts buys a patent, 276;
Plough patent resisted and arbitrated, 277, 278;
union of Gorges's settlements, 278;
results of annexation, 281;
bibliography, 336.

Manhattan purchased, 293.

Manors in Maryland, 129, 130.

Manufactures, New England, 322.

Maps, Virginia (1608), 57;
New England (1614), 150.

Maryland, Virginia's protest, 96, 122;
Puritan settlers, 109, 144;
charter, 121, 122;
boundaries, 121;
named, 122;
power of proprietary, 123-126;
legislative power, 125;
religious freedom, 125, 139, 140, 143, 144;
first settlers, 126;
leaving England, 126;
and Indians, 127, 136, 139;
settlement, 127;
conditions favoring growth, 128;
servants, 128;
rural society, 129;
government, 129;
manors, 130;
democracy, 130;
origin of laws, 131, 133;
composition of assembly, 133;
Kent Island affair, 134-139;
Catholic propaganda, 139;
and Great Rebellion, 140;
and Ingle, 141;
Protestant revolt, 141, 142;
Calvert regains control, 142;
Stone governor, 143;
and Parliament, 143, 145-147;
oath of fidelity, 145;
parliamentary control, 147;
population (1652), 147;
social conditions, 147;
bibliography, 332-334.

Mason, John, grants, 185, 207, 266-268;
opposition to Massachusetts, 204-208;
death, 208;
Massachusetts annexes grant, 209, 271, 272;
settlements in territory, 268-270.

Mason, John, in Pequot War, 254-256.

Massachusetts, trade with Virginia, 104;
minor settlements, 166, 168, 170, 175;
Dorchester adventurers, 170, 183;
Merry Mount, 174, 186, 192, 197;
religion not primary interest, 184;
patent, 184, 185;
boundaries, 184, 270;
conflicting grants, 185;
Salem reinforced, 186;
government for colonists, 189;
land allotment, 189;
and Oldham's claim, 187, 190;
charter, government, 188, 189;
Congregationalism established, 190, 192, 196, 201, 202, 210;
religious persecution, 191, 201, 211, 237, 319;
government transferred to America, 193;
great emigration, cause, 193-195;
sickness, 195, 196, 198, 199;
towns (1630), 198;
first general court, 199;
governors, 199;
and Indians, 200;
rise of theocracy, 200-202;
quality of clergy, 200, 205;
assistants usurp power, 201;
restricted suffrage, 202, 210, 211;
criminal law, 202;
representation established, 202, 203;
popular elections, 203;
origin of laws, 203;
code, 203;
opposition in England, 204-209;
temporarily sustained, 204;
and Laud, 205;
increased immigration, 205;
population (1634), 205; (1643), 209;
charter demanded, 205, 208;
prepares for resistance, 206;
and English flag, 206;
petition, 206;
judgment against, frustrated, 208;
annexes New Hampshire and Maine, 209, 271, 272, 279-281;
opposition to religious despotism, 211, 212;
Williams incident, 212-218;
religious regulations, 218;
Antinomian controversy, 219-228;
its effect, 228;
and Rhode Island, 230, 231, 235-238;
and Gorton, 232-235;
parliamentary grant, 235;
and settlement of Connecticut, 240-242;
emigration to Connecticut, 242-247;
opposition to restricted suffrage, 243, 271, 319;
and Pequot War, 251-253, 256;
and Davenport's colony, 261;
buys a Maine patent, 276;
arbitrates on Plough patent, 277;
influence of annexations, 281;
and La Tour, 291, 306-309;
boundary disputes, 298, 304;
and trade with Canada, 309;
and Parliament, 318;
Cambridge platform, 320;
"glacial period," 321;
mint, 325;
bibliography, 334.
_See also_ New England.

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