Lyon Gardiner Tyler - England in America, 1580 to 1652
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Lyon Gardiner Tyler >> England in America, 1580 to 1652
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Maverick, Samuel, settlement, 175;
grant, 274;
fined, 319.
Mayhew, Thomas, Indian mission, 302-304.
Merry Mount, settlement, 174;
suppressed, 174, 186;
Morton's return, 192.
Miantonomoh, and Gorton, 233;
captured and slain, 233.
Minuit, Peter, governor of New Netherland, 293;
Swedish colony, 296.
Mohegans, Narragansett war, 233, 300-302.
Money in New England, 325.
Monts, Sieur de, grant, 286;
attempted settlement, 287.
Morton, Thomas, at Merry Mount, 174;
sent to England, 175, 197;
return, 192;
attorney against Massachusetts, 208.
Mount Desert Island, French settlement reduced, 72, 149, 289.
Mystic, settled, 198.
Nantasket, settled, 170.
Narragansetts, and Plymouth, 165;
Mohegan war, 233, 300;
and Pequot War, 251, 253;
and New England Confederation, 300-302.
Netherlands, Separatists in, 154-158;
voyages to America, 291.
New England, coast explorations, 34, 35, 40, 150;
map (1614), 150;
named, 150;
attempted settlement, 150;
Indian pestilence, 152;
settlements (1628), 175;
population (1643), 209; (1652), 322;
preparation against Dutch, 316;
communication, 322;
trade, 322;
ship-building, 322;
manufactures, 322;
town government, 322, 323;
education, 323-325;
money, 325;
marriage, 326;
sumptuary laws, 326;
criminal laws, 326;
social character, 326;
literature, 327;
bibliography on Dutch relations, 337;
bibliography on French relations, 337.
_See also_ next title, Council for New England, Plymouth Company, and
colonies by name.
New England Confederation, causes and attempts, 282, 297, 298;
organized, members, 298;
object, management, powers, support, 299;
defects, 300;
population, 300;
and Indian war, 300-302;
and Massachusetts, 301, 305, 306, 308, 310, 316, 317;
appointment of commander, 301;
and Indian missions, 302-304;
boundary decision, 304;
Connecticut River tolls, 304-306;
and French, 308, 310;
and Dutch, 311-313;
Dutch treaty, 313, 314;
war threats, 315-317;
permanency thwarted, 317.
New Hampshire, Massachusetts annexes, 209, 271, 272;
grants, 266, 267;
settlements, 267, 269, 270;
named, 268;
feebleness, 268;
dissensions, 269;
civil contracts, 270;
Massachusetts' claim, 270;
suffrage after annexation, 271;
and the confederation, 298;
bibliography, 336.
_See also_ New England.
New Haven, settlers' plan, 260;
settled, 261;
purchase from Indians, 262;
government, 262-264;
suffrage, 262-264;
union, 264;
growth, 265;
on Delaware, 296, 311, 315;
Kieft's bluster, 312;
trade ventures, 315;
migration considered, 315;
bibliography, 335.
_See also_ New England.
New London, settled, 260;
jurisdiction, 304.
New Netherland, Argall in, 72;
and Plymouth, 175, 240;
on Connecticut, 239-242, 249;
trade charter, 292;
boundaries, 292, 313;
English protest, 292;
settlement, 293;
patroonships, 293;
English encroachments, 294-296, 310-312, 315;
Indian war, 296, 311;
New England boundary, 313, 314;
New England war threats, 315-317;
bibliography, 336, 337.
New Sweden, settlement, 296;
bibliography, 337.
Newfoundland, English voyages, 7;
fisheries, 7;
Gilbert at, 19, 20;
Calvert's settlement, 118.
Newport, Christopher, conducts Virginia colony, 42;
in council, 49;
seeks gold mine, 50;
visits, 52, 53, 55-57, 62.
Newport, settled, 229.
Newtown, restless, 242;
migration to Connecticut, 244, 246;
settles Hartford, 247.
Northwest passage, search, 8, 14, 15;
Gilbert's pamphlet, 14.
Norton, John, bigotry, 321.
Oldham, John, in Plymouth, 170;
at Nantasket and Cape Ann, 170, 171;
and Massachusetts Company, 187, 190;
killed, 252.
Opechancanough, massacres, 85, 107;
captured and slain, 108.
Parliament, trade charter (1566), 14;
sanctions Raleigh's charter, 22;
and Virginia, 111-113;
and Maryland, 143, 145-147;
and Massachusetts, 235, 318;
charter to Rhode Island, 235.
Patents. _See_ Charters, Grants.
Patroonships in New Netherland, 293.
Pemaquid, settled, 273.
Pequot War, 251-257;
killing of Stone, 251, 252;
Massachusetts' expedition, 252;
Narragansett alliance, 253;
settlements attacked, 254;
capture of Indian fort, 254-256;
Pequots exterminated, 256;
results, 257.
Percy, George, in Virginia, 43, 64, 65.
Pilgrims, English congregation, 155;
leaders, 155;
flight to Holland, 156;
at Leyden, 157, 158;
decide to settle in Virginia, 158;
James I.'s attitude, 159;
patents, 159;
financial arrangement, 159;
voyage, 160;
land-fall, 160;
compact, 161;
settlement, 161.
_See also_ Plymouth.
Piscataqua. _See_ Portsmouth.
Plymouth, settlement, 161;
named, 162;
scurvy, 163;
and Indians, 163-165, 177;
first summer, 164;
patents, 164, 172, 178;
first cargo, 165;
and Weston's settlers, 166;
trouble with partners, 167, 169;
land division, 167;
character of immigrants, 169, 170;
conspiracy, 170;
Cape Ann trouble, 170;
buys out partners, 171;
trading-posts, 172;
reunion, 172;
boundaries, 173;
and Merry Mount, 174;
and Dutch, 175, 240;
French attacks, 176, 177;
on Connecticut, 177, 239-242, 245;
growth, 178;
government, 179;
suffrage, 180;
code, 180;
town government, 180;
ministers, 181;
education, 181;
thrift, 181;
significance, 182;
and Roger Williams, 217, 218;
boundary dispute, 298;
bibliography, 334.
_See also_ New England, Pilgrims.
Plymouth Company, charter, 36-38;
patrons, 37;
government, 37-39;
attempted settlements, 39-41, 150;
inactive, 149;
Gorges's activity, 151;
reorganized, 152.
_See also_ Council for New England.
Plough patent, 277;
resisted and arbitrated, 277, 278.
Pocahontas, rescues Smith, 46-48;
dance, 48;
seized, 71;
married, 71;
in England, 74;
death, 77.
Popham, George, colony, 40;
death, 41;
fate of colony, 41.
Popham, Sir John, and Zuniga, 36;
patron of Plymouth Company, 37;
colony, 40;
death, 41.
Population, Virginia (1629), 93; (1635), 100; (1652), 114;
Maryland (1652), 147;
Massachusetts (1634), 205; (1643), 209;
New England (1643), 209, 300; (1652), 322;
Connecticut (1653), 260.
Port Royal, Argall reduces, 72, 149, 289;
settlement, 287;
rebuilt, 289.
Portsmouth (Piscataqua), N.H., settled, 175, 267;
feeble existence, 268;
Anglicanism, 268;
civil contract, 270;
annexed by Massachusetts, 271.
Portsmouth, R.I., settled, 229.
Potato, introduction, 26.
Pott, John, in Virginia, 93, 94;
and Baltimore, 119.
Poutrincourt at Port Royal, 287.
Powhatan, chief of confederacy, 44, 45;
crowned, 56;
and Virginia, 69-71;
death, 85.
Prado, de, voyage, 7.
Presbyterianism, Massachusetts' attitude, 319-321.
Pring, Martin, voyage, 35, 39.
Providence, Md., founded, 109, 144.
Providence, R.I., settled, 218;
growth, 230;
and Gorton, 232;
union with Rhode Island, 235, 237.
Puritans, in Virginia, 106;
in Maryland, 109, 144, 145;
rise, 153;
Separatists, 154-156.
_See also_ New England colonies by name.
Quebec, settled, 288;
captured, 290.
_Quo warranto_ against Virginia Company, 88.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, and Gilbert's plan, 15;
voyage with Gilbert, 16;
appearance, 21;
accomplishments, 21;
royal favor, 21;
charter, 22;
exploring expedition, 22, 23;
first colony, 23-25;
second, 26, 27;
introduces potato and tobacco, 26;
third colony, 27;
colony and Indians, 27, 28, 32;
and Armada, 29;
relief expeditions, 30;
assigns trade right, 31;
fate of colony, 31, 32;
place in history, 32;
fall, 33;
in Guinea, 33;
executed, 33;
monopoly abrogated, 35;
search for colony, 56.
Ratcliffe, John, in Virginia, 43, 49, 57, 63;
president, 51;
and Smith, 52, 63;
deposed, 54;
slain, 65.
Religion, influence on Spain, 4;
on England, 5;
freedom in Maryland, 125, 139, 140, 143, 144;
persecution in Massachusetts, 191, 201, 211, 237, 319;
theocracy in New England, 200-202, 258, 262-264;
freedom in Rhode Island, 238;
Indian missions, 302-304;
bibliography on influence, 338.
_See also_ sects by name.
Representation, Virginia, 79, 80, 92-94;
and taxation in Virginia, 90, 96, 113;
James I.'s policy, 91;
Maryland, 125, 133;
Plymouth, 179;
Massachusetts, 202, 203;
Connecticut, 250, 258;
New Haven, 265;
town unit, 322.
_See also_ Suffrage.
Rhode Island, Providence settled, 218;
island purchased and settled, 229;
body politic, 229;
union of settlements, 230, 237, 238;
attitude of Massachusetts, 230, 231, 235-238;
parliamentary charter, 235;
boundaries, 235;
Gorton's settlement, 232-235;
Coddington's commission, 237, 238;
Baptists in, 237;
religious freedom, 238;
and New England Confederation, 298;
named, 292;
bibliography, 335.
_See also_ New England.
Richelieu and Canada, 288.
Roberval, colony, 285.
Robinson, John, character, 155;
in Leyden, 157;
remains there, 160;
death, 172.
Rolfe, John, marries Pocahontas, 72;
plants tobacco, 75;
secretary of state, 77.
Roxbury, settled, 198;
emigration to Springfield, 247.
Russia, English voyages, 8.
Sable Island, attempted settlements, 284, 286.
Saco, settlement, 273;
and Plough patent, 277;
submits to Massachusetts, 280.
St. Croix, French settlement reduced, 72, 149, 289.
St. Mary's, founded, 127.
Salem (Naumkeag), settled, 175, 183;
Endicott at, 186;
named, 186;
sickness, 186, 195;
and Roger Williams, 213-217.
Saltonstall, Sir Richard, agrees to emigrate, 193;
attempted settlement, 248.
Sandys, Sir Edwin, in London Company, policy, 76, 78;
treasurer, 81;
enterprise, 82;
royal opposition, 82;
and Charles I., 91.
Say and Sele, Lord, grant, 248;
buys Dover, 268, 271.
Saybrook, founded, 249, 259;
sold to Connecticut, 260.
Scarboro, grant of site, 274;
submits to Massachusetts, 281.
Scrivener, Matthew, in Virginia, 54, 57;
death, 57.
Separatism, rise, 154;
refuge in Holland, 154-156.
_See also_ Congregationalism, Pilgrims.
Servants, in Virginia, 100, 115;
in Maryland, 128.
Sheriff, in Maryland, 129.
Ship-building, New England, 322.
Slave-trade, English, 8-10.
Slavery, introduction, 81;
social influence, 116, 147.
Smith, John, Virginia settler, 43;
career, 43;
rescued by Pocahontas, 46-48;
arrested, 49;
in council, 49;
cape merchant, 51;
supplies from Indians, 52;
captured, 52;
condemned by Ratcliffe, 52;
restored, 53;
president, 54;
answer to company's complaints, 57;
maps, 57, 150;
sole ruler, 57, 63;
avoids famine, 58;
deposed, 64:
leaves, 64;
on coast of New England, 150;
attempted settlement, 150;
captured by French, 151;
service to New England, 152.
Smith, Sir Thomas, buys trade right, 31;
in London Company, 76, 78, 81.
Social conditions, slavery, 81, 116, 147;
servants, 100, 115, 128;
Virginia (1634), 101-103; (1648), 110;
houses, 114;
hospitality, 115;
absence of towns, 115, 129;
Virginia education, 116, 117;
Maryland (1652), 147;
New England criminal codes, 180, 203, 326;
influence of Calvinism, 321;
New England towns, 322, 323;
education, 323-325;
marriage, 326;
sumptuary laws, 326;
general characteristics, 326;
literature, 327;
bibliography, 338.
Somers, Sir George, at Bermudas, 62;
death, 68.
Sources, on period 1574-1652, 329-331;
on Virginia, 331, 332;
on Maryland, 333;
on Plymouth and Massachusetts, 334;
on Rhode Island, 335;
on Connecticut and New Haven, 335;
on New Hampshire and Maine, 336;
on New Netherland, 336, 337;
on French colonies, 337.
Southampton, earl of, in London Company, 34, 35, 77, 82.
Southampton, joins Connecticut, 259;
settled, 296.
Southold, union with New Haven, 265;
settled, 296.
Spain, decay, 3;
influence of colonial empire, 4;
religious influences, 4;
English rivalry, 5;
and Drake's attacks, 13;
attacks Gilbert's expedition, 16;
English war, 28-30, 35;
Armada, 30;
power destroyed, 30;
and English colonies, 36, 60, 74, 283, 284.
_See also_ colonies.
Springfield, settled, 247;
and river-tolls, 305.
Standish, Miles, Separatist, in Leyden, 158;
exploration, 161;
suppresses Merry Mount, 175.
Stone, William, governor of Maryland, 143, 144;
removed and restored, 147.
Stuyvesant, Peter, and New England Confederation, 312;
treaty, 313, 314.
Suffrage, Virginia, 116;
Plymouth, 180;
Massachusetts, 202, 210, 211, 243, 319;
Connecticut, 258;
New Haven, 262-264;
New Hampshire, 271.
Taxation and representation in Virginia, 90, 96, 113.
Theocracy in New England, 200-202, 258, 262-264.
Thompson, David, settlements, 175, 267.
Tobacco, Raleigh introduces, 26;
cultivation begun, 75;
growth of trade, 83, 92;
duty, 83, 93;
monopoly, 86, 93;
fall in price, 103;
legislation, 103;
in Maryland, 128.
Towns, absence in Virginia, 115;
and in Maryland, 129;
government in Plymouth, 180;
unit in New England, 322;
meetings, 323;
selectmen, 323;
business 323.
Trade, English, development (1550), 8;
slave-trade, 8-10;
direction under Mary, 9;
Hawkins's voyages, 9;
tobacco, 83, 86, 92, 103;
Virginia, 100, 103;
fur, 168, 286, 287, 291, 293;
New England, 322.
Travel, New England conditions (1652), 322.
Treaties, St. Germain (1632), 290;
Hartford (1650), 314.
Twiller, Wouter van, and claim to Connecticut, 242;
governor of New Netherland, 293;
and Eelkens, 294;
recalled, 296.
Uncas, captures and slays Miantonomoh, 233;
policy, 240, 302.
Underhill, John, at Dover, 269;
and Dutch, 269.
Union, Rhode Island, 230, 237;
Connecticut, 250;
New Haven, 264;
New Hampshire, 270, 272;
Maine, 278.
_See also_ New England Confederation.
Vane, Sir Harry, governor of Massachusetts, 200;
and Antinomian controversy, 220-223;
defeated, 224;
returns to England, 225.
Verrazzano, John, voyage, 284.
Virginia, Raleigh's charter, 22;
exploring expedition, 22, 23;
named, 23;
Raleigh's attempted settlement, 23-28, 31, 32;
charter, 36-38;
and Spain, 36, 60, 74, 283;
boundaries, 37;
regulations for settlement, 42;
settlers, 42;
topography, 43;
Indians, 44-49;
voyage, 49;
quarrel, 49;
first officers, 49;
relation with Indians, 49, 51, 68, 71;
Jamestown founded, 50;
suffering and dissensions, 50-54, 58, 63-66, 69, 74, 84;
search for gold, 51, 53, 56, 69;
Smith's enterprise, 51, 52, 54;
First Supply, 52;
cargoes, 53, 54, 57;
Second Supply, 55;
first marriage and birth, 55;
company's instructions (1608), 55;
Powhatan crowned, 56;
search for Raleigh's colony, 56;
answer to company, 57;
map, 57;
Argall's relief, 59, 63;
new charter, 59-61;
gentlemen settlers, causes of calamities, 59;
communism, 59;
absolute governor, 61;
Third Supply, 61-63;
Starving Time, 66;
abandonment decided upon, 67;
Delaware's timely arrival, 67, 68;
his administration, 68-70;
deputy governors, 70;
Dale's rule, 70-74;
expeditions against Acadia, 72;
communism abolished, 73;
in 1616, 74;
tobacco planting begins, 75;
third charter, 76;
company's policy, 76;
Argall's tyranny, 77, 78;
land division, 77, 79;
charter of privileges, 78;
Yardley governor, 78, 79;
in 1619, 78;
private associations, 79;
representation, 79, 92-94, 123;
church of England, 80, 106;
first assembly, 80;
first negro slaves, 81;
cargo of maidens, 81;
tobacco trade and regulation, 83, 86, 92, 103;
prosperity, 84, 102;
first massacre, 85;
commission to investigate, 87;
charter voided, 88;
loyalty to company, 89;
taxation and representation, 90, 96, 113;
royal control, 90, 91, 95, 96;
policy of James I., 91;
population (1629), 93; (1635), 100; (1652), 114;
Harvey's rule, 93, 96;
deposed and reinstated, 97-99, 136;
northern expansion, 94;
and Maryland charter, 96, 120-123;
Wyatt governor, 99, 104;
servants, 100, 115;
trade (1635), 100;
settlements (1634), 101, 102; (1652), 113, 114;
continued mortality, 102, 104;
corn trade, 103;
parliamentary charter, 105;
Berkeley governor, 105;
petition against charter, 105;
loyalty to king, 105, 111;
Puritans, 106, 108, 109;
second massacre, 107;
peace, 108;
cavalier immigration, 109, 111;
improved ministry, 110;
in 1648, 110;
and parliamentary commission, 111-113;
control by burgesses, 113;
houses, 114;
hospitality, 115;
absence of towns, 115;
democracy, 116;
influence of slavery, 116;
education, 116, 117;
and Baltimore, 119;
origin of laws, 123;
claim to Kent Island, 134-138;
and Dutch on Delaware, 294;
bibliography, 331.
_See also_ London Company.
Voyages, Cabot (1497, 1498), 6;
Prado (1527), 7;
Hore (1535), 7;
Willoughby (1553), 8;
English, to Russia, 8;
Drake (1577-1580), 12;
Cavendish (1586), 13;
Frobisher (1376-1578), 14;
Davis (1585-1587), 15;
Barlow and Amidas (1584), 22, 23;
Denys (1506), 284;
Aubert (1508), 284;
Verrazzano (1524), 284;
Cartier (1534-1536), 284;
Alefonse (1542), 285;
Hudson (1609), 291;
bibliography, 329, 330.
Walker, John, voyage, 17.
Wars, Spanish-English (1588), 28-30, 35;
Pequot (1637), 251-257;
English-French (1627), 289, 290;
English-Dutch (1652), 315.
Warwick, earl of, in London Company, 76, 81;
grant, 185, 239.
Warwick settled, 230, 233-235.
Watertown, settled, 198;
restless, 242;
migration to Connecticut, 245, 246;
settles Wethersfield, 246.
Welles, founded, 272;
submits to Massachusetts, 280.
West, Francis, in Virginia, 55, 92;
and fishermen, 168.
West Indies, Spain and England in, 284.
Wethersfield, settled, 247;
Indian attack, 254.
Weymouth, George, voyage, 35.
Weymouth (Wessagusset), settlement, 166, 168.
Wheelwright, John, and Antinomianism, 220-224;
banished, 226;
at Dover, 269;
settles Exeter, 269;
founds Welles, 272;
return to Massachusetts, 272.
White, Andrew, Jesuit, in Maryland, 126;
sent to England, 141.
White, John, water-colors, 26;
governor of Raleigh's colony, 27, 28;
attempted relief, 31.
White, Rev. John, and Salem settlement, 183;
pamphlet, 194.
Williams, Roger, in Massachusetts, 212;
harsh creed, 213;
objections, 213;
in Plymouth, 213, 217, 218;
and Indians, 213, 217, 251, 253;
on land titles, 214;
trial, 214, 215;
objection to oaths, 215;
and Salem, 216;
banished, 216, 217;
flight, 217;
settles Providence, 218;
secures patent, 235;
triumphal return, 236;
Baptist, 237;
thwarts Coddington, 238.
Willoughby, Sir Hugh, voyage, 8.
Wilson, John, Congregationalist, 196;
sermons, 218;
and Antinomianism, 220, 223.
Windsor, Plymouth fort, 242;
Dorchester settlers, 245-247.
Wingfield, E.M., in Virginia, 43, 49, 51-53, 54.
Winslow, Edward, Separatist, in Leyden, 158;
agent in England, 206, 279.
Winthrop, John, agrees to emigrate, 193;
governor, 193, 224;
Congregationalist, 196;
and Antinomian controversy, 220-228;
character, death, 243, 321;
and La Tour, 307.
Winthrop, John (2), theoretic governor, 249;
settles New London, 260.
Wyatt, Sir Francis, governor of Virginia, 85, 90, 92, 99;
commissioner, 95.
Yardley, Sir George, governor of Virginia, 70, 75, 78, 92;
death, 92.
York (Agamenticus, Gorgeana), government, 275, 276;
submits to Massachusetts, 280.
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