Robert W. Williamson - The Mafulu
R >>
Robert W. Williamson >> The Mafulu
Pages:
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 | 21 |
22 |
23
English: Fire
Mafulu: oki(de)
Kambisa: uki
Korona: oke
Afoa: )enami
Kovio: iziradi; [iti]
English: Fish
Mafulu: garume
Kambisa: garung
Korona: unuma (?)
Afoa: gapila; [kapita]
Kovio: rapiamala; [kavila]
English: Flea
Mafulu: yo(le)
Kambisa: kasin
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Flesh
Mafulu: mise
Kambisa: --
Korona: misa
Afoa: miluti
Kovio: [muditsi]
English: Flower
Mafulu: sive; oyande
Kambisa: --
Korona: unida [152]
Afoa: iadaude
Kovio: [ulatu]
English: Fly, _n._
Mafulu: sungulu(me)
Kambisa: --
Korona: sigurum
Afoa: tainanu; [tainamu]
Kovio: [muni]
English: Fly, _v._
Mafulu: iyei
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Fog
Mafulu: unu(me)
Kambisa: hunu
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Food
Mafulu: imbade (_animal_); yalove (_vegetable_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: [nifite (_animal_); valive; kalai (_vegetable_)]
Kovio: [muditsi (_animal_); taraj (_vegetable_)]
English: Foot
Mafulu: yovali, so(ge); sog' u' tobo (_sole_) [153]
Kambisa: suga; hu tobo' (_sole_)
Korona: sogo
Afoa: lomineti; [lo(ape)]
Kovio: ina-tiporotch; [teporotsi]
English: Forehead
Mafulu: mede; ingobe (_bone of eyebrow_)
Kambisa: anone (_temple_)
Korona: mida
Afoa: miavi
Kovio: [tavatau]
English: Forest
Mafulu: mavane (_hunting-ground_); siu(le), tsiu(le) (_bush_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: bu [154]
Afoa: sule; [kalite]
Kovio: yaped; [buloka]
English: Fowl
Mafulu: kokole
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Fruit
Mafulu: dede
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: ietaube; [eadauda]
Kovio: ulau; [kalitu; ulata]
English: Garden
Mafulu: bu(le)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: [volomala; volofu]
English: Ghost
Mafulu: sila(le)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Give
Mafulu: indi
Kambisa: --
Korona: ide
Afoa: nu)inie [155]; [ini]
Kovio: [nanara]
English: Go
Mafulu: gege
Kambisa: --
Korona: hego
Afoa: lo; [la]
Kovio: [taro]
English: Good
Mafulu: ifa(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: ifi
Afoa: ladi; [kato]
Kovio: aupumara; [tsimafu]
English: Great
Mafulu: baibe
Kambisa: mataka
Korona: baibe
Afoa: kalowo
Kovio: aputep; [tovenaetsi]
English: Hair (of head)
Mafulu: alome
Kambisa: ha; makoko (_dressed_)
Korona: --
Afoa: auwataute; [voto(pe)]
Kovio: nanaled; [manala; manalreta].
English: Hair (of body)
Mafulu: ma(le)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: auwuti; [avute]
Kovio: ada; [akoatsi]
English: Hand
Mafulu: bodo(le); bodol' u'-tobo (palm) [156]
Kambisa: ia; ia'tobo (_palm_)
Korona: yaro' uba
Afoa: galatopute [kalaopue]
Kovio: mala-kapunatch; [mala=tu portosi]
English: Hard
Mafulu: kakava(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: avava
Kovio: maradi; [unamane]
English: Head
Mafulu: ade(de)
Kambisa: hondu
Korona: ha
Afoa: ni)adi; [ade] [157]
Kovio: gagau; [kakao]
English: Head-wrap
Mafulu: ogoupe
Kambisa: suno
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Hear
Mafulu: alele
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: lanita
Kovio: --
English: Hill
Mafulu: kume
Kambisa: kumo
Korona: bunga
Afoa: itavi; [maive; lavave (_uninhabited_); itave (_crest_)]
Kovio: la-oa-uta; [laoaka]
English: Hip
Mafulu: ol'u'ga(ye) [158]
Kambisa: huru
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Hook
Mafulu: --
Kambisa: --
Korona: kimai [159]
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Hot
Mafulu: olola
Kambisa: --
Korona: giganfe
Afoa: nunali
Kovio: midilamolamo
English: House
Mafulu: e(me); emo(ne) (_communal_)
Kambisa: e(m)
Korona: e
Afoa: geade; [kia(te); tumute (_communal_)]
Kovio: tupumagi; [dema(ki); dubumaki (_communal_)]
English: Husband
Mafulu: a(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: omen)iva; [vale; mu] [160]
Kovio: anawab
English: Iron
Mafulu: tavili [161]
Kambisa: --
Korona: nani
Afoa: nai
Kovio: --
English: Kill
Mafulu: adede; ememe
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: [amui]
Kovio: [mavemara]
English: Knee
Mafulu: amia
Kambisa: amiang
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio:
English: Knife
Mafulu: indi(ve)
Kambisa: indi(fa)
Korona: --
Afoa: [tiveja(ve)] [162]
Kovio: [vesti]
English: Know
Mafulu: tsitsiva
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: nu)ali; [ni]
Kovio: [edemaka]
English: Leaf
Mafulu: tu(le)
Kambisa: idu
Korona: utu
Afoa: valupi
Kovio: aukwata; [aufu; aubota]
English: Leg
Mafulu: yovali; fande (shin); mude (thigh); mise (_calf_)
Kambisa: furo (_shin_); muda (_thigh_)
Korona: mude (_thigh_)
Afoa: wolupi (_thigh_); [keniame; kupuame (_thigh_)]
Kovio: alile (_thigh_); [inako; apota (_thigh_)]
English: Lime
Mafulu: abe
Kambisa: --
Korona: hava
Afoa: [kaute]
Kovio: wati.
English: Lip
Mafulu: ude
Kambisa: uba
Korona: udu
Afoa: getapi
Kovio: ridokalule (_upper_); akoitale (_lower_); [kijtakorutsi]
English: Live
Mafulu: asilando (_be alive_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: asihera
Afoa: kajli
Kovio: [watara (_alive_)]
English: Liver
Mafulu: dube
Kambisa: --
Korona: hade
Afoa: kimaule
Kovio: --
English: Long
Mafulu: sesada
Kambisa: busa
Korona: --
Afoa: [tsyani]
Kovio: [tovenaemita].
English: Louse
Mafulu: i(ye)
Kambisa: --
Korona: hi
Afoa: iate
Kovio: [inepu].
English: Male
Mafulu: avoge
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Man
Mafulu: a(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: a
Afoa: woale;[vale]
Kovio: kalauotoro;[abo(te); mala; abofu].
English: Many
Mafulu: tale; taluvi
Kambisa: --
Korona: harut
Afoa: tatele;[talele]
Kovio: maimitara.
English: Mat
Mafulu: --
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: unite
Kovio: tau-ud.
English: Milk
Mafulu: oubatsinge; oub'indidi [163] (_to suckle_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: obo
Afoa: mulape
Kovio: apiteu.
English: Mirror
Mafulu: aveve
Kambisa: idida
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Moon
Mafulu: one
Kambisa: hama
Korona: hoana
Afoa: oani;[one]
Kovio: nonitch;[onea, nonitsi].
English: Morning
Mafulu: tutsi
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: laliate' govelai [kuwitue]
Kovio: --
English: Mosquito
Mafulu: maingogo
Kambisa: --
Korona: igogesa
Afoa: nipope
Kovio: --
English: Mother
Mafulu: ma(me)
Kambisa: --
Korona: uma
Afoa: aumen)ini [164]; [ine]
Kovio: nei; [nei, nonofu].
English: Mouth
Mafulu: ambode
Kambisa: gobang
Korona: adinu
Afoa: nautabe; [natave, yolote]
Kovio: akwot;[khidatsi].
English: Nail (_finger_)
Mafulu: fodo(le); koko (_of cassowary_)
Kambisa: bodong (_of toe_) [165]
Korona: --
Afoa: [viloipe]
Kovio: [tevetsi].
English: Name
Mafulu: i(ve)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: apete
Kovio: nitiab;[vitane].
English: Navel
Mafulu: kombolu
Kambisa: kumburu
Korona: koboro
Afoa: oatobe; [otove]
Kovio: autau; [koto].
English: Near
Mafulu: kugume
Kambisa: kuguraga
Korona: --
Afoa: amauli;[amavola]
Kovio: kauwari.
English: Neck
Mafulu: gurube; kalolo (_throat_)
Kambisa: indu (_back_); aroro (_throat_)
Korona: --
Afoa: [kumulute]
Kovio: neneviro;[nelevio].
English: Necklace
Mafulu: sale, sambu (_shell_); tsiba, [Dog's incisors] sise [Dog's canine]
(_dogs' teeth_); yakeva (_pearl_)
Kambisa: sa (_shell_)
Korona: --
Afoa: [telenate [Dog's incisors]; lulate [Dog's canine]
Kovio: [kulolobotsi[Dog's incisors]; kitetsi[Dog's canine]].
English: Night
Mafulu: tu(be)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: guve'teletai[kuvite]
Kovio: --
English: Nipple
Mafulu: ouba' ul' unge [166]
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: oalube; [okobe]
Kovio: apiteu.
English: No
Mafulu: mi, ua(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: muinu
Kovio: [nai].
English: Nose
Mafulu: unge
Kambisa: unga
Korona: unga
Afoa: kiti [ki(te)]
Kovio: watarupu;[wata(rube)].
English: Nostril
Mafulu: ung' ul' olo [167]
Kambisa: urorong
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Paddle
Mafulu: --
Kambisa: --
Korona: bara [168]
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Pig
Mafulu: ovo(le) (_wild_); ovota (_tame_); oleda (_large_); foilange
(_wild boar_).
Kambisa: sika
Korona: o'o
Afoa: polu
Kovio: woromala; [voro(mala)].
English: Pot
Mafulu: uli(ne); kodige (_dish_);
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: [kapite; lua(pe) (_dish_); nau(pe) (_earthen dish_)] [169]
Kovio: kaivitch; [apitsi; kuetsi; kapaitsi (_earthen dish_)].
English: Pumpkin
Mafulu: botame; tobo(le) (_goard_).
Kambisa: bata
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Rain
Mafulu: yangose
Kambisa: --
Korona: yagosa
Afoa: iti
Kovio: uteli.
English: Rat
Mafulu: giliminde
Kambisa: --
Korona: sui
Afoa: keni
Kovio: keniani.
English: Red
Mafulu: ilalama
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: boratu; [polatu]
Kovio: lolalumala.
English: Rib
Mafulu: auale
Kambisa: awari
Korona: --
Afoa: [malupe]
Kovio: [elavotsi].
English: River
Mafulu: yu(ve)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: ipe
Kovio: everi.
English: Road
Mafulu: enambe; foida (_along flank of mountain_)
Kambisa: enambo
Korona: enaba
Afoa: kani
Kovio: abatu.
English: Root
Mafulu: okasili
Kambisa: --
Korona: okusi
Afoa: kilu' mute
Kovio: mudene.
English: Rope
Mafulu: knoage
Kambisa: --
Korona: yu
Afoa: pumave; [pumave inate]
Kovio: pemarap; [leka; vilape].
English: Sago
Mafulu: balck' u; ta(ye) [170]
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Salt
Mafulu: ama(ne)
Kambisa: hanamo
Korona: ama
Afoa: limanevi
Kovio: [yota].
English: Sand
Mafulu: sanga(ve)
Kambisa: --
Korona: soana
Afoa: nunu
Kovio: [utsiaio].
English: Scratch
Mafulu: fifiete; sisilimi (_one's self_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: malitana
Kovio: --
English: Sea
Mafulu: ise
Kambisa: --
Korona: isa
Afoa: --
Kovio: tapala.
English: See
Mafulu: ariri
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: na)nukava [171]
Kovio: [italara].
English: Shadow
Mafulu: sove; abebe; avevene (_of object_);
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: ala
Kovio: utupapu.
English: Sit
Mafulu: tegid' ande [172]
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: na)navi9
Kovio: [ularo].
English: Skin
Mafulu: ode
Kambisa: --
Korona: hode
Afoa: gotipe; [kotsi(pe)]
Kovio: komotoro; [kalukalutsi].
English: Sky
Mafulu: asolo(ne)
Kambisa: asoro
Korona: --
Afoa: [manape]
Kovio: abat; [abatsi].
English: Sleep
Mafulu: imaritade
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: utewu; [utevoi]
Kovio: [voile; waro (_rest_)].
English: Small
Mafulu: kisi; aka(ne); kisiaka(ne) (_very_)
Kambisa: ami'aga
Korona: kisibaga
Afoa: eveeve
Kovio: peipu; [utsiaitsi].
English: Smoke
Mafulu: iso(ne)
Kambisa: isong
Korona: isoa
Afoa: etaivi
Kovio: [itiaulo].
English: Snake
Mafulu: tsivili
Kambisa: --
Korona: hemai [173]
Afoa: nai; [kovo]
Kovio: toiepe; [toepo].
English: Soft
Mafulu: safe(le)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: tamenu; [oluolue]
Kovio: ketitau; [peopeo].
English: Sour
Mafulu: beekoi (_bitter_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Speak
Mafulu: ave(te)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: tananipa; [te]
Kovio: [wade].
English: Spear
Mafulu: eme(le); idika (_with barbs of cassowary claws_)
Kambisa: himi(ra)
Korona: hemi
Afoa: --
Kovio: inari.
English: Spit
Mafulu: sabete
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: luiteta
Kovio: --
English: Spittle
Mafulu: sabe
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Stand
Mafulu: yu
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: lugila; [kilai]
Kovio: [lavaka].
English: Star
Mafulu: alile
Kambisa: duba [174]
Korona: harira
Afoa: tui; [imuli]
Kovio: kapu.
English: Stay
Mafulu: vayu
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: loia
Kovio: --
English: Stone
Mafulu: bute
Kambisa: io
Korona: butia
Afoa: eviti; [evi(te)]
Kovio: geleo; [kile].
English: Sugar-cane
Mafulu: ale
Kambisa: teba [175]
Korona: --
Afoa: tu(ami)
Kovio: apiu; [api].
English: Sun
Mafulu: eve
Kambisa: ewu(ri)
Korona: eurima
Afoa: wati; [vata(ve)]
Kovio: stamari; [kita].
English: Sweet
Mafulu: bebena
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Sweet potato
Mafulu: kupa
Kambisa: kupe
Korona: gupe
Afoa: gupe; [kupeame; vetoe]
Kovio: kouwai; [vetore].
English: Taro
Mafulu: munde
Kambisa: munda
Korona: mude
Afoa: ku(we)
Kovio: gamach; [gimale].
English: Taste, _v._
Mafulu: tovogi
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Thick
Mafulu: kakava(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: [evoevotupi]
Kovio: inep.
English: Thin
Mafulu: fafale; garibe
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: [itape]
Kovio: krawida.
English: Tobacco
Mafulu: vilu (_native_); kuku (_foreign_); matsika (_stick_)
Kambisa: ewuta
Korona: --
Afoa: [emuna(te) (_native_)]
Kovio: [munamuna (_native_)].
English: To-day
Mafulu: audati
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: kailili
Kovio: [tetefa; vae].
English: Tomohawk
Mafulu: so(ve)
Kambisa: so(nda)
Korona: --
Afoa: [amu(te)]
Kovio: --
English: To-morrow
Mafulu: aiti
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: kila
Kovio: [kavokae].
English: Tongue
Mafulu: usese
Kambisa: asisino
Korona: asiesa
Afoa: aivi
Kovio: tananio; [tzinao].
English: Tooth
Mafulu: ato(le)
Kambisa: usi [176]
Korona: atu
Afoa: noto(ab); [noto(ape)]
Kovio: kitira; [rita (tsi)].
English: Tree
Mafulu: i(ye)
Kambisa: i (_wood_)
Korona: i
Afoa: enade; [ea(te)]
Kovio: ida.
English: Valley
Mafulu: ole (_below_)
Kambisa: horo
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Village
Mafulu: e(me)
Kambisa: haru
Korona: eda
Afoa: geade; [kia(te); mai(te)]
Kovio: deata; [dela].
English: Water
Mafulu: yu(ve)
Kambisa: iu
Korona: eu(wa)
Afoa: i(pe)
Kovio: eweo; [eveo; evori].
English: Weep
Mafulu: andavel'ete; availili
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: kowaitai
Kovio: [inivade].
English: White
Mafulu: kogola; fofoye (_ash colour_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: foa
Afoa: ilitu
Kovio: unimala; [aela].
English: Wife
Mafulu: amu(le)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: omen)iva [177]; [iva]
Kovio: anamara.
English: Wind
Mafulu: gubu(le)
Kambisa: --
Korona: gubu(ra)
Afoa: kavi; [oive]
Kovio: tamara; [tsinu].
English: Wing
Mafulu: geoge; fala(le) (_feathers_); pilulupe (_of bat_)
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Woman
Mafulu: amu(le)
Kambisa: mamo [178]
Korona: amu
Afoa: iva
Kovio: anakave; [anatemada, anakave; anafu].
English: Wrist
Mafulu: bodul' u' gurube [179]
Kambisa: ia' u' gidiba
Korona: --
Afoa: --
Kovio: --
English: Yam
Mafulu: ai(ne)
Kambisa: --
Korona: hain
Afoa: loite
Kovio: darai; [tarae].
English: Yellow
Mafulu: yangogona [180]
Kambisa: --
Korona: yarem
Afoa: epe
Kovio: katech.
English: Yes
Mafulu: e
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: namoade
Kovio: --
English: Yesterday
Mafulu: arima
Kambisa: --
Korona: --
Afoa: kila
Kovio: [orivafari].
CHAPTER V
Appendix V
Notes on the Papuan Languages spoken about the Head Waters of the
St. Joseph River, Central Papua
By Sidney H. Ray, M.A.
The grammars and vocabularies collected by the Rev. Father Egedi,
the Rev. E. P. Money and Dr. W. M. Strong illustrate the languages
spoken in the higher hill country extending from the district about
Mount Yule to Mount Albert Edward and the Upper Vanapa River. They
form three distinct groups.
1. Fuyuge, comprising the dialects of Mafulu, Kambisa, Korona and
Sikube.
2. Afoa or Ambo, including Tauata.
3. Kovio, including Oru Lopiko.
SECTION I
I. Classification.
1. Fuyuge:--The first specimen of any lanugage of the Fuyuge group was
collected by the Rev. James Chalmers in 1879. This was called by him
Kabana, and was printed in a collection of vocabularies in 1888. [181]
From a note on the original MS., the vocabulary was assumed to be
the dialect of a village on Mount Victoria (called by Chalmers Mount
Owen Stanley). [182] But as Sir William MacGregor pointed out, [183]
there are no villages on that mountain, hence Chalmers, in assigning
a locality to the vocabulary some time after its collection, must
have been mistaken. The language of Chalmers' Kabana is nearly the
same as that of a vocabulary collected by Mr. A. Giulianetti at the
village of Sikube in the Upper Vetapa or Vanapa valley, north of
Mount Lilley. This was published in 1898. [184]
A few words from the village of Kambisa, in Sirima (Chirima)
valley were published in the Annual Report on British New Guinea
for 1905-6, [185] and I have since been favoured by the compiler,
the Rev. P. J. Money, with a fuller list. The Rev. Father Egedi
published in 1907 a vocabulary of Fuyuge along with his account of
the Tauata or Afoa tribe. [186] Dr. Strong collected a vocabulary
from the natives of Korona, a village situated close to the head of
Galley Reach. This was collected with the help of a Motu-speaking
native, and contains a few apparently Melanesian words. Dr. Strong
was spontaneously told that these had been introduced from the coast
in quite recent times. (_Cf_. Sec. III.)
The words in the comparative vocabulary are taken from an extensive
collection in Mafulu by the Rev. Father Egedi. They represent the
same dialect as the Grammar in Appendix I.
That Mafulu, Kambisa, and Korona, with Sikube and Kabana, represent
the same language is plain.
The Kabana pronoun _nahu_, I, the Sikube _na(nio_) I, _nu_(_ni_) thou,
and the Kambisa _na_, I, _nu_, thou, _hu_, he, agree with the Fuyuge
_na, na(ni_), I, _nu, nu(ni_) thou, _u_, he. The Kabana _nauera_, mine,
is the Fuyuge _naula_. The Kambisa _nara-ndo_, mine, _nura-ndo_, thine,
_hura-ndo_ his, also show a suffix _ndo_ corresponding to Mafulu _ne_
in _naula(ne_), mine, _nula(ne_) thine, _ula(ne_) his, and in the
vocabulary the Kambisa suffix _nda_ corresponds to the Korona _de_ in
the word for "chest." There is, however, no evidence that the Korona
_de_ is equivalent to the Mafulu _ne_. The word given in Sikube for
"woman," _amuri_, is the Fuyuge plural _amuli_, "women."
A few other likenesses appear, as _e.g._, Kambisa suffix _ng_
represents Mafulu _me, ne_; Kambisa _fa_, the Fuyuge _ve_; Kambisa _a_,
Korona _la_, Mafulu _le_.
The following extract shows the likeness of the vocabulary. [187]
Mafulu. Kambisa. Sikube. Kabana. Korona.
Adze so so cho -- itau
Arm, hand -- ia ia ia ya
Belly ombo hombo -- habe obo
Bird nembe neba membe -- nebe
Cassowary
plume -- wasa vasa -- --
Child, son me, ese isa me ese isia
Club gilise hadufa adufa, -- hadoga
girishia
Dog oi hu hu, fu hoa ho
Ear yangolo gadoro gaderu gadero i
Eye i i i e yago
Forest -- -- bu = garden -- bu
Father ba -- -- ba ba
Fire oki uki okia okia oke
Foot soge siga suku suge sogo
Go gege -- henga inga hego
Ground bu, fa hoa bu = garden -- fa
Hair, head ade ha ha ha ha
House e e -- e e
Knife indi indi indi -- --
Leaf tu idu itu idu utu
Lip, mouth ude uba ude ude uau
Moon one hama -- hama hoana
Navel kombolu kumburu -- habera = koboro
belly
Nose unge unga hunge unuga unga
Pig ovo -- obu -- o'o
Rain yangose -- iangushe iangose yagosa
Smoke iso iso ishio -- isoa
Stone bute io -- io butia
Sun, day eve ewuri -- evurima eurima
Sugar-cane -- teba tebe -- --
Taro munde munda mude -- mude
Thigh mude muda mude -- mude
Tongue usese asisino asese asese asiesa
Tooth ato usi ado ado atu
Village e haru e -- eda
Water yu iu iu iu eu
Woman amu ?mamo = amu amu amu
mother
The numerals show similar agreements. These will be illustrated in
the next section.
2. Afoa.--The Afoa vocabulary was collected by Dr. Strong in
the villages on Mount Pitsoko from a Fuyuge native who spoke
Afoa fluently. Dr. Strong also obtained a short vocabulary from a
native who came from a village apparently on the slopes of Mount
Davidson. The language is substantially the same as the Tauata or
Tauatape of which Rev. Father Egedi has published a Vocabulary and
Grammar. [188] There are, however, a few slight differences which
seem to confirm Father Egedi's statement that there is probably a
difference of pronunciation in the various Afoa villages. [189] Father
Egedi writes: _p, v, k, t, l, ts_ where Dr. Strong has: _b, w, g, d, r,
t_. The latter also has final _i_ for _e_, _oa_ for _a_ or _o_, _ia_
for _ea_, _u_ for _oi_ _ai_ for _ei_. Sometimes _b_ represents _m_
or _v_. Some of Dr. Strong's words show marks of Afoa grammar, as,
_e.g._, the words for eat, see, sit, give, head, husband or wife,
mother, are: _na nai_, I eat; _na nu kava_, I thee see; _na navi_,
I sit; _nu inie_, thou givest; _ni adi_, your head; _omen iva_, his
wife or her husband; _aumen ini_, his mother. The Tauata words are
added to the Afoa Vocabulary in square brackets.
3. Kovio.--The language called Kovio by Dr. Strong is substantially
the same as the Oru Lopiko of Rev. Father Egedi. [190] The same or
a similar language is said to be found in four places, viz.--
1. Lopiko in the Inava valley.
2. Inavarene in the Inava valley.
3. Kwoifa district on upper Lakekamu River.
4. Villages round Pic Eleia.
Details of these dialects are not given.
SECTION II
II. Comparison.
The three groups of languages illustrated in these vocabularies
present the usual Papuan characteristics of great differences. A
certain amount of resemblance may be found in some of the pronouns,
and possibly in a few other words, but generally speaking the languages
are not only quite unconnected with each other, but are also distinct
from the known Papuan languages surrounding them.
Pages:
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 | 21 |
22 |
23