Thomas a Kempis - The Chronicle of the Canons Regular of Mount St. Agnes

T >> Thomas a Kempis >> The Chronicle of the Canons Regular of Mount St. Agnes

Pages:
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12

In the year 1473, on the third day after the Feast of St. Matthias the
Apostle, and in the morning, died Encbert of Tyveren, a Donate and Fellow
Commoner of our House, being eighty-three years old. Amongst other
virtuous habits, he had one that is specially worthy to be remembered,
namely, that if any did him a wrong, he would easily and without
hesitation grant full forgiveness for the same, whenever the offender
showed any sign of charity toward him. Being fired, moreover, with
charity and love for God and his neighbour, and with a zeal for souls
that ceased not night or day, he strove for their good whenever he had
opportunity; and of this many can bear witness, both men and women, for
whom he obtained places fit for them wherein they might serve God.

In the same year and week, namely, on the fifth day after the Feast of
St. Matthias, John Bodien (?) died at Deventer. He was a Laic of our
household, and being oppressed by infirmity he went to Deventer to take
counsel of a physician, and there died in his brother's house; and since
he was born of a good stock, his body was brought back to us with honour
by his friends, and laid in the burying-ground of the Lay folk. For a
few years after his conversion he served in the kitchen, and coming to
his life's end he fulfilled the toils of many years in a short space.

In the year of the Lord 1477, on the Octave of the Feast of the
visitation of the Blessed Mary, and after Nones, that is at about the
eighth hour, died Gerlac, son of Wolter. He was a devout man and very
trusty; a Laic and Resignate that was born at Ralt, and he was nearly
seventy-one years old. On the day before his death, and after Compline,
he took his supper in the kitchen according to his custom (for he was
cellarer) and by a mysterious visitation of God he suddenly was deprived
of all sense and strength. He lost the power of speech, and he lay until
next day struck down with apoplexy without speaking or eating, and died
after Nones at the hour aforesaid. He had lived with us for nearly forty
years, during twenty-three of which he had fulfilled the duties of the
aforesaid office with faithfulness and care, being almost always in his
cell and ready to carry out the wishes of the Brothers. He was laid with
the other Laics in that burying-ground of ours that pertains to them of
that condition.

In the same year, on the Feast of St. AEgidius, and after Compline, that
is to say about the middle of the seventh hour, died that devout Laic,
Albert, son of Florentius. He was a Resignate and about seventy-three
years old, but he had lived with us for nearly forty-five years, and for
a long while served the Brothers patiently in the kitchen. But
afterwards he was very serviceable to the sick, and to the Infirmarius,
by catching and bringing them fresh fish. He was laid with the others in
the burying-ground of the Laics.

FROM THE CHRONICLE OF OUR BROTHER THOMAS OF KEMPEN CONCERNING MATTERS NOT
PERTAINING TO OUR HOUSE.

CHAPTER I.

_Concerning the year in which that reverend man, Florentius of
Wevelichoven, was made Bishop of Utrecht_.

In the year of the Lord 1479, Florentius of Wevelichoven, aforetime
Bishop of Munster, was enthroned as Bishop of the Church of Utrecht on
the Festival of St. Willibrord, first Bishop of that See.

He was a prudent man of honest life, ripe age, and a lover of religion,
and under his rule, which was during the reign of our Lord Pope Urban VI,
Gerard Groote flourished, that venerable master who was truly great by
reason of his life, his learning, and the words of his preaching.

CHAPTER II.

_Of the death of John Ruesbroeck, first Prior of the Groenendaal_.

In the year of the Lord 1381, and on the second day of December, being
the Octave of St. Katherine, Virgin and Martyr, the venerable and most
devout Master John Ruesbroeck died in the district of Brabant. He was
the first Prior of the Monastery of the Groenendaal near Brussels, which
Monastery pertains to the Order of Canons Regular; he was then in the
eighty-eighth year of his age, and he was buried before the north end of
the High Altar in the choir. He took the Religious habit in the
aforesaid place amongst the first who were there invested, being then
sixty years of age; and, by the help of God, he fulfilled the office of
the Priesthood for sixty-four years. His holy and glorious doctrine was
published far and wide over the land of Germany, and giveth light
thereto. This was he whom Master Gerard Groote visited, together with
John, a scholar from Zwolle, for he thought that his writings were worthy
to be compared with those of the greatest doctors. Moreover, he had put
forth many books that were most devout, touching matters of the higher
understanding, which books, of his wisdom, he wrote in the Teutonic
tongue; and he poured forth in liberal abundance that grace of heavenly
sweetness which he had received from God, for the use of his neighbour
and them that should come after in the Church. There are eleven books
which he composed either before or after his entrance into the Religious
Life; and less the tale should be incomplete, the book of his letters
doth make that number up to twelve.

There was in the same monastery, under this venerable Master, a Convert
whose name was John, a man very devout, who did humbly devote himself to
his life's end to serving in the kitchen, and he was illumined with
special grace for divine contemplation. He compiled a great and notable
book, filled with high and heavenly doctrine, in the which he doth
commend his most beloved father, John Ruesbroeck, in most excellent wise.

In the same monastery also were certain other most devout Fathers and
Religious Brothers, eminent for their life and wisdom, as their holy
works that have come down to us do testify.

Concerning the life and writings of John Ruesbroeck and Brother John
Cocus, more is told in a little book that hath been put forth of late,
and that is entitled "Of the Origin of the Monastery of the Groenendaal."

CHAPTER III.

_Of the death of the venerable Master Gerard Groote, a man most devout_.

In the year of the Lord 1384, on the Feast day of the blessed Bernard the
Abbot, and at the fifth hour, after Vespers, Gerard, surnamed Groote,
died at Deventer, in the time of the pestilence; he was a venerable man
and beloved of God, and the forty-fourth year of his age was nearly done.

His body was borne to the Parish Church of the most Blessed Virgin,
Mother of God, and therein was laid with due honour not far from the
sanctuary. His father's name was Werner Groote, and he was a Schepen and
magistrate of the same city; his mother was called Heylwige, and both her
husband and she were of high place and mighty in honour and riches,
judged after the measure of worldly dignity; but Gerard, by God's
inspiration, put aside the burden of riches and despised the pomps of the
world on the which he had relied carelessly for a long while, and for the
sake of an humble Christ took upon him a garb of humility. Suddenly he
was changed into another man, so that all wondered, and he became a rule
of life to Clerks and Lay folk alike. Hereafter, by the pattern of his
good conversation and the exhortation of his holy preaching, he withdrew
many persons from the vanities of the world and laid upon them the gentle
yoke of Christ. Likewise he resigned all his ecclesiastical benefices,
but he kept some small portion of his father's goods to provide for his
own necessities. Much he gave to the Religious, and his dwelling-house
and homestead lie bequeathed for ever to the poor Sisters, or Beguines,
whom he had gathered together in that same place. Of his humility he
took upon him the rank of a deacon so that he might be able to preach,
but he would not take priestly orders because of the awe in which he held
the same.

On a time he went toward Zwolle in company with Peter, Curate of the
Church of Deventer, and his companion questioned him with friendly
boldness, saying: "Beloved Master, why wilt thou not be made Priest,
since thou art well lettered and fitted to rule others?" But Gerard made
answer: "I would not be Curate of Zwolle, no, not for a single night, for
my cap full of golden florins." And Peter being astonished said: "What
then shall we feeble and wretched folk do, for our knowledge and our life
are less worthy than thine?" And this word of Master Gerard had so great
weight that this same Peter did afterward renounce his pastoral charge
and did maintain himself upon a single benefice, and that one to which no
cure was attached. Gerard, moreover, wrote profitable treatises, and
many letters to divers persons, and from these writings one may see
readily enough how great a zeal for souls was in him, and how deep an
understanding of the Scriptures. He translated two books of John
Ruesbroeck from the Teutonic into the Latin tongue, and these are
entitled: "Ecce Sponsus" and "De gradibus amoris." Likewise he
translated "The Hours of the Blessed Virgin," and certain of the Hours
from the Latin into the Teutonic tongue, so that simple and unlearned
Laics might have in their mother tongue matter wherewith to occupy
themselves in prayer on holy days; and also that the faithful, reciting
these Hours, or hearing them recited by other devout persons, might the
more readily keep themselves from many vanities and from idle talking,
and so, being assisted by these holy readings, might make progress in the
love of God and in singing the divine praises. Once a certain man who
was united to him in the bonds of friendship, asked him, saying: "Most
beloved Master, of what use are all these books which you carry on so
great journeys?" And Gerard answered: "For good living a few books are
enough; but we must have all these for the instruction of others and to
defend the truth, so that if any might not believe me yet they may assent
to the authority of the saints." Many other good things also Master
Gerard did in his life, as certain worthy records of him tell us, so that
from the small band of his disciples there grew at length a great company
of devout persons.

CHAPTER IV.

_Of the great eulogy passed upon Gerard by a certain doctor_.

Master Gerard of holy memory, he who was called "The Great," has passed
happily to the Lord. Truly he was "The Great," for in his knowledge of
all the liberal sciences, both natural and moral, of civil law, canon
law, and of theology, he was second to no one in the world, and all these
branches of learning were united in him.

He was a man of such saintliness and gave so good an example in his
mortification of the flesh, his refusal of temporal advantages, his
contempt for the world, his brotherly love for all, his zeal for the
salvation of souls, his effectual preaching, his reprobation and hatred
of wickedness, his withstanding of heretics, his enforcement of the canon
law against those that broke the vow of chastity, his conversion to the
spiritual life of divers men and women who had formerly lived according
to the world, and his loyalty to our Lord Urban the Sixth--in all those
things I say he gave so good an example, that many thousands of men
testify to the belief that is in them that he was not less great in these
virtues than he was in the aforesaid sciences. Master William of
Salvarvilla, Cantor at Paris, Archdeacon of Brabant in the Church of
Liege, an eminent doctor in theology, compiled the above eulogy from that
which he heard from the lips of men worthy of credit, and from his own
knowledge of Master Gerard, and he believed beyond all doubt that it was
true.

CHAPTER V.

_How, after his death, the number of the Devout and the Order of Regulars
did increase_.

After the death of the venerable Master Gerard Groote, the devotion of
faithful persons in Deventer, Zwolle, Kampen and the neighbouring towns
began to grow mightily in the Lord, so that in a short time there arose
many congregations of men and women that served God, dwelling together in
common and in chastity of life after the manner of the primitive Church
and that laudable custom of the holy Fathers that was introduced by the
Apostles.

Some of these who could ill abide the concourse of people in the cities,
sought habitations that did befit them far from the places where men do
congregate, and having builded them poor little houses, determined to
lead a hidden life therein after the example of the ancient Fathers; but
in process of time, as their numbers and their goods increased, they took
upon them the habit of holy religion, for God so ordered it, and
converted their houses into Monasteries of the Order of Canons Regular,
thinking thereby to be the more profitable. This same memorable Master,
inspired with a spirit of prophecy, foretold this thing, namely, that the
number of the devout should increase mightily, for to a certain Priest,
who was his friend, and afterward became a Canon Regular at Zwolle (from
whom also I heard the saying), he said: "Behold, beloved, this good thing
which by God's help hath been here begun, shall be increased yet more,
and this little spark shall kindle many fires throughout all Holland and
Geldria."

Thanks be to God that as we have heard, so have we seen with our own eyes
the fulfilment of this prophecy, and that not only in the regions round
about, but also in the parts afar off and in the upper provinces. He had
it likewise in mind to found, with the help of certain friends, a
monastery for Regulars who should take the habit which he had seen in
Brabant in the house of John Ruesbroeck, but this purpose he committed to
the followers whom he had made firm in the faith of Christ, that they
should fulfil it, for death was beforehand with him, and this was,
indeed, fulfilled effectually by these same disciples in after days.

CHAPTER VI.

_Of the consecration of the Church, and the investiture of the first
Brothers in Windesem_.

In the year of the Lord 1387, on the day before the Feast of St. Luke the
Evangelist, the first Church of the Monastery in Windesem was consecrated
in Honour of the glorious Virgin Mary, Mother of God.

This place received the name Windesem from the village that lieth near to
it, and it is one mile from Zwolle, toward the south; near the eastern
side thereof is the River Yssel; also some space away is Hattem, the
strongest fortress in Geldria.

On this same day six Brothers made their profession and were invested
with the habit of the Order of Canons Regular, who observe the rule of
Augustine, the glorious Bishop and Father of our Order. The names of
these are as followeth:

Brother Henry of Huxaria, a Priest.

Brother Werner of Lochem, in Geldria, the first Prior of the house there.

Brother John of Kempen, in the diocese of Cologne, who was afterward
Prior at Mount St. Agnes.

Brother Henry Wilde of Hertzogenbosch, in Brabant.

Brother Berthold ten Hove, a native of Holland, who conveyed to us his
patrimony and the place where the monastery standeth.

Brother Henry Wilsem of Kampen, a man of great probity, who was formerly
a great one in the world. He was eloquent in discourse, humble and
earnest in the service of God.

With these and others that loved holy religion, this new foundation of
the Order of Canons Regular in the diocese of Utrecht had its beginning
after the happy death of Master Gerard Groote, and under the rule of
Florentius, Bishop of Utrecht, it increased by little and little, but in
process of time it began to grow yet more fruitfully in divers places.
All the men above named, save only one, had been disciples of Master
Gerard, by whom they, with many other Clerks, were drawn to the amending
of their lives, being imbued with his wholesome exhortation.

CHAPTER VII.

_Of the death of John de Gronde, a Priest_.

In the year of the Lord 1392, on the 17th day of May, being the day
following the Feast of St. John before the Latin Gate, and at the fourth
hour in the morning, John de Gronde died at Deventer, in the house of
Florentius. He was a devout Priest and a mighty Preacher of the Word,
and it was in the fortieth year of his age. The town of Octmesheim, in
the district of Twent, and the diocese of Cologne, was his native place,
and he was a man adorned with modesty and eloquence, and the venerable
Master Gerard let summon him from Amsterdam in Holland to hear the
confessions of the devout, likewise Gerard committed to him the
governance of the Sisters of his House. For awhile he abode with the
first Brothers in the ancient House of Florentius, and rose up with the
others in the morning to recite the Hours; and when the time for rising
came, he awoke straightway and went forthwith to arouse the other
Brothers, knocking and saying: "Arise, watch and pray, that ye enter not
into temptation." Of this thing Master Gerard maketh mention in the
letter which he wrote to the priests at Amsterdam, what time he besought
that John should be sent to him, for this alacrity did especially please
him.

As his death drew on, Father Florentius, who earned the love of all the
devout, stood by him to comfort and console him; to whom John spake,
saying: "Lo! the adversary doth strive to disquiet me, and would confound
me at the last." But Florentius answered: "Fear not but trust in the
Lord, and keep silence as to those things that are cast up against thee."
Then John, as one truly obedient, said: "In the name of the Lord," and
these were the last words that he spake before his death. He was buried
in the Church of the Blessed Mary, ever Virgin, by the side of Master
Gerard and in the same tomb, for it was in this church that he had oft
proclaimed aloud the Word of God. Likewise from time to time he would
preach at Zwolle and hold colloquy with the Brothers on the mount, urging
them to hold with constant mind to the course they had begun. So these
two on earth are covered by one stone, and one Stone, that is an
heavenly, did make them firm in the true faith; as they loved one another
in life, so in death their bodies are not divided.

CHAPTER VIII.

_Of the death of the most Reverend Florentius of Wevelichoven, Bishop of
Utrecht_.

In the year of the lord 1393, on the Feast day of St. Ambrose the Bishop
(which in that year was Good Friday), while the Holy Office of the Lord's
Passion was being said in the church, our most Reverend Lord Florentius
of Wevelichoven, Bishop of Utrecht, departed from the light of the world.
He died in the city of Hardenberch, having ruled his diocese for twelve
years and five months in laudable and glorious wise, and his body was
taken to the Church of the Blessed Martin at Utrecht, and was buried with
honour in the choir beneath the steps of the sanctuary. Here a taper is
kept lighted as a memorial of his good reputation, for verily he was a
lover of the true light, and a defender of his country. In discipline he
was very strict; and spent naught needlessly or to any unprofitable end,
but all that was justly owed he paid honestly, repaying loans, restoring
buildings that were decayed, setting up new ones, fortifying towns and
castles. He loved the things of God and prudently disposed of worldly
matters; by his servants he was beloved, to the poor he was pitiful; he
cherished all devout persons, and was accepted of Clerks and people.

CHAPTER IX.

_How Frederick of Blanckenhem was chosen to be Bishop_.

In the same year, the noble and famous Lord Frederick of Blanckenhem,
formerly Bishop of Strasburg, was chosen to the See of Utrecht and
confirmed by the authority of the Apostolic See. He was one of lofty
mind, famous for knowledge and prudence, and by the help of God he ruled
the diocese for many years with great glory, and guarded his country by
his victorious might. Beneath his rule the Order of Canons Regular and
the devout multitude of Brothers and Sisters spread far and wide, and
rejoiced in their prosperity in all regions that lay beneath his
jurisdiction.

In this year also three monasteries were founded in Holland, near
Amsterdam. One belonging to the Carthusian Order, one to the Canons
Regular, and one to the nuns of that same order: this last lieth within
the city and near the ditch.

CHAPTER X.

_How the monastery at Northorn was founded_.

In the year of the Lord 1394, about the time of the Feast of the
Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Clerks belonging to the
household and congregation of that venerable Priest, Master Everard of
Almelo, a Bachelor in Physic or Medicine, began to prepare a place for a
monastery; for of their own free will and by his council they had
determined to build an house in Vrensueghen upon an hereditament that is
called Enoldint. So having obtained license from that Reverend Lord Otto
ten Hoye, Bishop of Munster, and having the consent of the Dean,
Archdeacon, and Chapter, which was given on the 1st day of May, a small
Oratory was consecrated in this same place during the Advent following
and on the Feast day of St. Thomas the Apostle. This Oratory stood where
now the church is builded, and there on this same day four Priests of the
household of Everard were invested with the habit of the Order of Canons
Regular; they were admitted by Wenomar, Bishop of Sebale, a member of the
third Order, and Vicar-General for Pontifical Acts to Otto, the Reverend
Bishop of Munster: now the names of the Brothers by him admitted are
these:

The first was Henry Kyndeshof of Deventer, and there were also Herpe of
Lippe, Hermann Plectenberrich, and John of Julich. Of these Hermann
Plectenberrich was chosen to be the first Prior, and the four abode by
themselves under the authority of the Bishop of Munster, because their
founders would not have them subject to any other, but in the year of the
Lord 1400 they were placed under the authority of the Chapter-General of
Windesem, which is in the diocese of Utrecht, and lieth near Zwolle, as
it were one mile distant.

CHAPTER XI.

_Of the death of that most devout Priest Florentius, Vicar of the Church
of Deventer_.

In the year of the Lord 1400, on the day before the Feast of the
Annunciation of the Blessed Mary ever Virgin, and when it was now late,
and the Ave Maria had rung, there died in his own House at Deventer the
Priest Florentius Radewin. He was a man of holy life and the beloved
Father of all the devout, an humble Vicar of the Church at Deventer, a
Master of the University of Prague, and he was now in the fiftieth year
of his age. He was born at Leerdam that is subject to the Count of
Arkel, but when he heard of the fame of Master Gerard, he left his native
land and became his devout follower and disciple, and in a short space he
was a Father to many devout persons, and the first founder of the
congregation of Clerks in Deventer.

His garb was simple and gray in colour, his bearing was composed, his
bodily presence full of grace, and his aspect lovable. His hair was
black, but his beard somewhat gray; his face was thin and had but little
colour, his forehead was bald and his gait and bearing were full of
dignity.

Once he came on a visitation to Mount St. Agnes, and the Brothers were
glad at his coming, and the elder amongst them asked him to deliver some
discourse, so he spoke a few words to them on humility and charity, and
at the end he added: "See now, ye may be sickened of these words that ye
have heard from me," for he did not think that he could say aught worthy
to be heard. Nevertheless he was mighty to comfort the devout, and it
was a pleasant thing to see him and hear his words. Also the words
wherein he confessed that he was not skilled to speak were received as
very edifying, and some of the Religious wrote what he said on their
tablets and in their books.

This most holy man of God flourished in the days of that venerable Lord
Florentius of Wevelichoven and the illustrious Frederick of Blanckenhem,
the two famous Bishops of Utrecht.

When his death was announced to them of the city, the Canons and Clerks
came together to attend the burying of so great a man, and a vast
multitude of people followed as far as to the Church of St. Lebuin,
wherein he was buried before the altar he had served, which is dedicated
in honour of St. Paul. His life that was adorned with virtue is more
fully set forth in the DIALOGUS NOVITIORUM.

CHAPTER XII.

_Of the death of Everard of Eza, a Curate in Almelo and a great master of
Physic_.

In the year of the Lord 1404, on the first day of the month of April,
died that reverend man Everard of Eza, the Curate of Almelo and a great
master in physic. He often gave the benefits of his healing art without
price to many that were sick, but especially to the poor. Likewise he
founded and in a special way provided for the Monastery of the Blessed
Virgin in the Wood near Northorn, in the Countship of Benthem, and he
procured that some of the Clerks who lived with him should be invested
there. Amongst physicians he had a great reputation; of the nobles he
was honoured, by worldlings he was feared, by the religious he was
beloved, and for a long while his fame was good in the land. Moreover,
he had been a close friend to Florentius, the Vicar of the Church at
Deventer, and rejoiced to visit him; and he often succoured him in his
infirmities and expended anxious care upon him; likewise he said of
Florentius that it was a thing above human nature that a man so weak
should live so long, unless it were that God preserved him.

Pages:
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12