Various - The New York Times Current History of the European War, Vol 1, Issue 4, January 23, 1915

V >> Various >> The New York Times Current History of the European War, Vol 1, Issue 4, January 23, 1915

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Oct. 14--French aviator decorated for bringing down German; Cossacks
bring down Zeppelin near Warsaw; bombs dropped on Nancy.

*AMERICAN INTERESTS.*

July 26--Americans are leaving Carlsbad and other resorts.

July 29--Tourists in Paris abandon plans to go eastward; many in London
take chances and go into Austria.

July 31--Exodus from Geneva; war panic among American tourists in Paris;
President Wilson directs State Department to ask Ambassador Herrick to
remain at his post; many left in London as sailing of the Imperator is
canceled.

Aug. 1--Many demand passports in France; Americans in London will
organize for relief work.

Aug. 2--Americans in Paris form committee to aid countrymen; refugees
from Continent arrive in London; Ambassador Gerard appeals for funds;
State Department has no funds, but will forward deposits for refugees.

Aug. 3--Bankers and Treasury Department officials agree on plan for
$3,500,000 gold shipment to tourists; hundreds reach Paris after many
hardships; fear in Berlin; both houses of Congress pass bill
appropriating $250,000 for relief; embassies will distribute funds.

Aug. 4--Mrs. O.H. Kahn loses automobiles in France; tourists unable to
leave Germany; many destitute in Paris; automobiles requisitioned for
war; President Wilson approves plan to send $5,000,000 from bankers and
national appropriation of $2,500,000 in gold; cruiser Tennessee will
carry it.

Aug. 5--Ambassador Herrick issues transports to stranded in Paris;
millionaires leave in cattle train for Havre; Ambassador Page praises
spirit of refugees; two committees in London to relieve distress;
cruiser Tennessee prepares to sail with relief fund; Congress votes
$2,500,000 appropriation; cruiser North Carolina will follow with more
gold if needed; Mayor Mitchel appoints relief committee.

Aug. 6--Americans in London get funds from Transportation Committee;
many obtain certificates of American citizenship in Paris; Tennessee
leaves with gold; Secretary Garrison will use transports rather than pay
exorbitant prices to charter ships; Board of Relief named to supervise
distribution of funds appropriated by Congress.

Aug. 7--Baroness von Andre and Anne W.N. Davis tell of brutal treatment
by German soldiers; Mrs. Philip Lydig tells of kind treatment by French;
Mrs. Herrick's American Ambulance Corps organized; $100,000 sent by
Treasury to Paris and $25,000 to Italy; many Americans leave via
Denmark; French and German railways will be open for departure of
Americans after mobilization is completed.

Aug. 8--A.M. Huntington and wife reported to be arrested in Bavaria and
held as spies; 7,000 Americans leave England; committee of American and
English bankers formed to administer $3,000,000 gold shipment; Secretary
Garrison confers with Haniel von Heimhausen, German Charge d'Affaires,
who says Americans will be allowed to leave Germany.

Aug. 9--One thousand five hundred Americans apply [Transcriber: original
'appy'] at Paris Embassy for transports; refugees arrive on the New
York; mines menace relief cruisers.

Aug. 10--Mayor of Berlin and others move to care for refugees in
Germany; many stranded in Bermuda.

Aug. 11--Cancellation of sailing of Olympic causes rush for steerage on
ships leaving London; Mrs. W.H. Page heads committee to look after
school teachers; Secretary Bryan orders Ambassador Gerard to make
representations regarding Mr. and Mrs. Huntington.

Aug. 12--One thousand refugees arrive in New York, on S.S. Philadelphia;
Embassy in Paris arranges for relief of tourists all over France;
Secretary Bryan says Huntingtons are safe; refugees arrive on
Holland-America liner Potsdam.

Aug. 13--Ambassador Page is seeking ships that may be chartered in
London; army officers will aid relief work in Paris; fourteen tourists
reached England via Arctic Sea; Secretary Bryan warns all Americans
going abroad to get passports; emergency passports to be issued; people
in Berlin open homes to Americans; Minister Whitlock reports Consulate
at Liege exposed to fire.

Aug. 14--More than 300 Americans arrive in Rotterdam from Berlin.

Aug. 15--Seven ships leave England; less need for transport; German
Foreign Office says Huntington was not arrested; Ambassador Herrick
arranges for sailings of the Espagne and the Rochambeau; refugees in
Rotterdam report generous treatment while in Germany; Germany will
provide trains to carry Americans to Bremen and will let cruiser
Tennessee land there; Gerard says Americans are now free to leave
Germany; ships leaving Italian ports.

Aug. 16--Cruisers Tennessee and North Carolina arrive at Falmouth with
gold.

Aug. 17--Eighteen ships that will leave England, within a week can
accommodate 20,000; London refugees given gold from cruiser Tennessee;
5,000 stranded in Italy; Nieuw Amsterdam and Laconia reach New York.

Aug. 18--Refugees from Copenhagen arrive on the United States; tourists
flock into Genoa; members of Mayor Mitchel's Committee meet every
steamer and are prepared to help the needy.

Aug. 19--Relief cruiser North Carolina reaches Cherbourg with Major
Hedekin; Miss Morgan's villa accepted as hospital; the Tennessee held at
Falmouth.

Aug. 20--Payment on funds sent on Tennessee delayed in London.

Aug. 21--American Rhodes scholars help in harvesting in Brittany;
missionaries urge sending ship with gold to Turkey; gold from the North
Carolina sent to Italy.

Aug. 22--Refugees arrive on Campania, Baltic, and St. Louis; Ambassador
Gerard denies that Americans have been ill-treated in Germany; cruiser
Tennessee at Rotterdam.

Aug. 23--Refugees in London tell of kindness of Austrians; the Tennessee
left too little gold in England and France.

Aug. 24--Assistant Secretary Breckinridge reaches Berlin with gold;
Ambassador Herrick makes arrangements for Americans in Switzerland.

Aug. 26--Art students in Paris in sad plight; few tourists now ask aid
in London; students leave German universities; refugees from Italy
express satisfaction with arrangements of Government Relief Committee;
relief bureau established at The Hague.

Aug. 27--Cruiser North Carolina sent to Turkey.

Aug. 28--German Government furnishes gold to Ambassador Gerard.

Aug. 31--London again crowded with refugees; tourists in Denmark safe.

Sept. 3--Turkish Government will not permit the North Carolina to go to
Constantinople; Americans in London help Belgian refugees.

Sept. 4--Tennessee takes Americans across Channel; British soldiers give
up quarters for them at Havre; North Carolina starts for Smyrna.

Sept. 9--Refugee aid cost $100,000 in five days in London.

Sept. 10--Passports to be required of all in England.

Sept. 12--Major Hedekin reports nearly all tourists out of France and
Switzerland.

Sept. 13--Treasury Department will receive no further deposits; sailors
on the Tennessee cheer British transport.

Sept. 23--Money from North Carolina reaches Constantinople.

Sept. 28--Americans leaving Brussels.

Sept. 29--Tennessee ordered to Adriatic.

Oct. 10--Consul Deedmeyer says he was forced to leave Chemnitz because
of bad treatment from Germans.

*AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.*

July 24--Minister at Belgrade prepares to leave.

July 25--Diplomatic relations severed with Servia; martial law
proclaimed; Servian Gen. Putnik seized.

July 26--Servian envoy dismissed; Emperor Francis Joseph takes decisive
part in country's action; war measures taken.

July 27--Army deserters sought in Cuba.

July 28--Emperor will take command at Vienna headquarters; food prices
raised in Vienna.

July 29--Emperor sends letter to the Czar.

July 30--Government may declare war on Russia; newspaper correspondents
expelled from Semlin; Emperor cheered in Vienna; men up to 50 years of
age called to service; Count Salm-Hoogstraetem says Slavs in Austrian
Army will be loyal.

July 31--Government assures Italy that there is no desire for more
territory.

Aug. 1--Whole nation wants war; Government was pressed by Germany to
discuss matters with Russia and to localize war.

Aug. 2--Cadets in military academies made Lieutenants; Countess
Szechenyi places palace at disposal of army.

Aug. 5--United States represents France at Vienna and Austria at Paris;
food prices fixed; Church permits marriages without publication of bans.

Aug. 6--Russian Ambassador receives passports.

Aug. 7--Pressure brought to bear on Italy to aid.

Aug. 8--Threat to declare war on Italy; full text published of ultimatum
to Servia, of Servia's reply, of circular note to powers, and of notes
exchanged with Germany.

Aug. 10--Government acknowledges receipt of President Wilson's offer of
good offices.

Aug. 11--Army corps marches along Swiss border to relieve Germans in
Alsace; Italy demands explanation of shelling of Antivari; United States
will look after French interests.

Aug. 13--Troops mutiny on southern frontier; United States will look
after interests in England; Prince Hohenlohe arrested in Canada.

Aug. 14--Currency question acute; insubordination of troops; Government
tells Italy British declaration of war was based upon lies.

Aug. 16--Martial law, proclaimed on Italian border; Consul arrested in
St. Petersburg.

Aug. 18--Army mobilization accompanied by disorder and mutiny.

Aug. 19--Massacre at Prague after Czech uprising.

Aug. 25--Troops massing on Italian frontier; Government will join war
with Japan; passports handed to Ambassador.

Aug. 27--Fortification of Vienna begun; children of murdered Archduke
sent to Switzerland.

Aug. 29--Country reported seething with rebellion.

Aug. 30--Servians charge atrocities by retreating Austrians.

Sept. 3--Troops sent to reinforce German left wing.

Sept. 4--Mutiny of Czech soldiers in Vienna, many shot; Gen. Bobrinsky
appointed Governor of Galicia.

Sept. 5--Reports that Italians in Istria and Goerz have been shot for
treason without trial stirs Italy; England releases Austrian ships from
her ports.

Sept. 6--Year's provisions seized at Lemberg; England orders Consular
officers out of Egypt.

Sept. 7--Vienna makes hasty preparations for defense; possibility of
famine.

Sept. 8--Government appeals to Jews in Poland to fight against Russia.

Sept. 10--Panic in Cracow; Archduke Frederick admits loss of 120,000 men
in Galicia.

Sept. 11--Berlin paper tells of agreement with Germany before war
started not to make peace separately.

Sept. 14--Troops admit that there have been no Russian cruelties; Vienna
official report claims victories.

Sept. 16--Guns taken by Russians bear initials of German Emperor.

Sept. 17--Report of preliminary steps for peace with Russia; all
available men called to arms.

Sept. 18--Police forbid public to spread unfavorable war news.

Sept. 21--Field Marshal Vodinowski executed on charge of aiding
Russians; Field Marshal Foreich commits suicide after being cashiered
for defeat.

Sept. 23--Serbs captured at Shabats to be court-martialed for firing at
troops.

Sept. 24--Italian frontier fortified.

Sept. 27--Cholera spreading among wounded soldiers.

Oct. 2--Emperor is urged to shift Government from Vienna.

Oct. 3--Alarm in Vienna over possibility of Russian invasion.

Oct. 8--Panic in Hungary as Russians advance.

Oct. 9--Much distress in Vienna.

Oct. 12--Archbishop accuses Hungarian soldiers of atrocities in Russian
Poland.

Oct. 13--Report that eight commanders have been dismissed and two have
killed themselves.

Oct. 14--Austrian guns were used by Germans at Antwerp.

*BELGIUM.*

July 29--Antwerp's trade paralyzed.

July 30--Forts provisioned; export of horses and vehicles prohibited.

July 31--State Railway trains into Germany suspended.

Aug. 1--Government buys entire wheat supply in Antwerp.

Aug, 2--Neutrality an issue with England; German Ambassador said to have
promised that there will be no invasion; guards mobilized at Liege and
Namur to hold bridges; Civic Guard called out; Parliament summoned.

Aug. 3--Antwerp in state of siege; King appeals to King George; England
will defend neutrality; frontier being intrenched.

Aug. 4--King addresses Parliament; Socialist Leader Vandervelde joins
Cabinet.

Aug. 5--King Albert takes command of troops.

Aug. 7--King issues proclamation to army.

Aug. 8--King thanks President Poincare for aid.

Aug. 9--Gratitude to Belgian people expressed by French Academy; English
and French stamps sold in Post Offices.

Aug. 10--Germans mobbed in Brussels.

Aug. 11--Government asks Holland's intentions if neutrality is violated;
Germany tries to negotiate for passage of her army.

Aug. 13--Tribute to Belgians from Premier Asquith; Government will
appeal to neutrals because of alleged German atrocities; German
prisoners treated kindly.

Aug. 14--American Vice Consul Duras says Germans underrated Belgians;
fighting spirit due to inspiration of growing democracy; people of Liege
deprived of all means of communication; Government feeds soldiers'
children.

Aug. 15--Refugees say that Germans executed priest held as hostage.

Aug. 22--France pledges aid; report that Minister Whitlock offered to
take Brussels under American protection at time of its surrender.

Aug. 23--Report persists, but United States denies that he was
authorized to offer protection; panic in Ghent and Ostend; German
General's proclamation to Brussels; Cologne Gazette defends levy on
Brussels; country praised in French army bulletin.

Aug. 24--Government rejects another German plea for free passage for
troops; Brussels pays first installment of fine; documents sent to
London in support of atrocity charges against Germans; Minister at
Washington protests to State Department against German statements of
Belgium's conduct on battlefield; legation in London issues note
protesting against reprisals.

Aug. 25--Minister Whitlock reports to Secretary Bryan that he persuaded
Brussels authorities not to oppose Germans; statement made by Minister
in London charging German atrocities; text published of communications
with Germany concerning passage of troops; fugitives rush to Holland.

Aug. 26--Refugees flock to Paris; Ministers of foreign powers protest to
Berlin against Zeppelin attack on Antwerp; Foreign Minister sends
protest to Washington; Baron von der Goltz made military ruler in part
occupied by Germans.

Aug. 27--Resolution in British Parliament for expression of gratitude to
Belgian heroes.

Aug. 28--Men in captured towns ordered by Germans to help with harvest;
Germans name hostages because of failure of Brussels to pay war levy.

Aug. 29--Germany defends destruction of Louvain and other repressive
measures; commission to protest against atrocities may not be received
by President Wilson.

Aug. 30--Gen. Leman's defense of Liege praised by German officer;
Antwerp in darkness to guard against Zeppelin attacks; Government's
reply to Austria's declaration of war; Gen. von Stein says Germany will
grant no concession.

Sept. 1--Mrs. H.H. Harjes tells of German cruelties; refugees must leave
Antwerp because of scarcity of food; four men guarantee payment of
Brussels fine; Dutch artists protest to Kaiser against destruction of
Louvain.

Sept. 2--English residents ordered out of Brussels.

Sept. 4--Namur citizens starving; officials at Brussels warn citizens
against giving Germans excuse for reprisals.

Sept. 5--Germans change clocks to German time; new official German
statement accuses citizens.

Sept. 6--American newspaper correspondents say they saw no cruel acts by
Germans; names announced of famous paintings ruined in Louvain and of
buildings lost and saved; refugees flock to London.

Sept. 7--Officers tell of German atrocities; charges that Germans
destroyed Dinant and shot many inhabitants.

Sept. 8--Survivors tell of attack on Namur; list of fines made public
imposed on Belgian cities.

Sept. 9--Mayor of Ghent sends appeal to President Wilson concerning
German atrocities; council of defense formed.

Sept. 10--Stories of German atrocities greatly exaggerated, says Bank
Director Helfferich.

Sept. 11--Gen. Leman asks King to pardon him for losing Liege; Prince
Henry of Reuss charges atrocities; Mrs. N.L. Duryee describes horrors of
German invasion; Gen. von Boehn replies to charges of German atrocities
in Aerschot; London Daily News says Termonde was burned for lack of
ransom; destruction in towns near Namur; lawyers and Judges in Brussels
refuse to adopt German customs.

Sept. 15--Foreign diplomats inspect conditions in Malines.

Sept. 16--Belgian Commission, which charges German atrocities, received
by President Wilson.

Sept. 21--German official statement issued on destruction of Louvain.

Sept. 22--Only newspapers published in Germany allowed to be sold in
Brussels.

Sept. 25--Nobleman charges that American and Spanish investigators were
deceived by Germans on sacking of Louvain.

Sept. 26--Ostend protests to President Wilson against dropping of bombs
by Germans; outrages against Germans charged by Bethmann-Hollweg.

Oct. 4--Government issues "Gray Paper" on negotiations with Germany,
showing negotiations with Germany and other powers concerning the war,
(printed in full in THE NEW YORK TIMES of Oct. 18.)

Oct. 7--Government moved from Antwerp to Ostend; all able-bodied men of
Antwerp called out for defense of city.

Oct. 8--King and part of army move out of Antwerp; refugees flee in
great numbers to Holland and England.

Oct. 9--Government protests to neutrals against monopolizing by Germans
of foodstuffs in Brussels.

Oct. 10--Germans deny that there is famine in Brussels; much suffering
among Antwerp refugees; German coin put on same basis as Belgian.

Oct. 12--Large quantities of stores fall into German hands in Antwerp
and many prisoners taken; refugees crowd Ostend; people will be allowed
to return to their homes in Antwerp.

Oct. 13--Government moves to France, and will be established at Havre.

*CANADA*.

July 30--Halifax garrison active.

Aug. 1--Cabinet meets, will send to England offer of men.

Aug. 2--Ten thousand men volunteer; Royal Naval Reserve called out;
fishermen will respond.

Aug. 3--Ports of Quebec and Montreal in charge of military authorities;
militia called to duty; reserves to sail for England.

Aug. 4--Cabinet meeting; mobilization of expeditionary force begins;
message of appreciation from King George; British and French reservists
sail.

Aug. 5--Country-wide response to call for service; Government buys two
submarines built for Chilean Navy; Montreal port guarded; German
Consulate at Vancouver attacked.

Aug. 6--Austrian and German Consulates stoned in Winnipeg; England
accepts offer of expeditionary force; Sydney is being fortified.

Aug. 7--German Consuls asked to leave country.

Aug. 9--Canada's offer of 1,000,000 bags of flour accepted by England.

Aug. 10--Cruisers hunt in Atlantic for German ships; ports closed; much
grain goes to England.

Aug. 14--National Chapter of the Imperial Order of Daughters of the
Empire will equip hospital ship for Admiralty; married men not accepted
for service without permission of wives; cruiser Good Hope arrives at
Halifax; American mass meeting called in Toronto.

Aug. 15--Japanese of British Columbia want to form regiment.

Aug. 17--Americans of Toronto will raise fund for soldiers' families.

Aug. 18--Emergency session of Parliament opened by Duke of Connaught;
war vote to be $50,000,000.

Aug. 19--Parliament endorses [Transcriber: original 'indorses']
England's participation in war; speeches by Premier Borden and Sir
Wilfrid Laurier; women exercise veto power to prevent husbands from
going to war.

Aug. 21--Move in Parliament to contribute million bags of flour to
Belgium; all war measures passed; Bank of Montreal will contribute
$100,000 for patriotic purposes; two cruisers added to naval force at
Esquimalt.

Aug. 22--War session of Parliament ended; troops on way to Quebec.

Aug. 23--Princess Patricia presents flag to Light Infantry.

Aug. 25--Second army is being mobilized.

Aug. 26--Applications by letter from American citizens for army service
refused.

Aug. 29--All available troops to be maintained under arms; Princess
Patricia Light Infantry sails from Montreal.

Aug. 30--Troops delayed at Quebec.

Aug. 31--England accepts food offers from Alberta and Quebec;
unsuccessful [Transcriber: original 'unsucccessful'] attempt to wreck
troop train near Montreal; volunteers will replace Bermuda garrison.

Sept. 10--Declared that Department of Militia and Defense kept secret
the passage of Indian troops through the Dominion.

Sept. 11--Passage of Indian troops denied; officials of White Pass &
Yukon Railway warn Germans and Austrians not to try to pass through the
Yukon.

Sept. 24--Thirty-two thousand troops sail.

Sept. 28--Laurier wants French-Canadian regiment.

Sept. 30--Cadets from Royal Military College sail for England.

Oct. 5--Col. Hughes. Minister of Militia, says he can raise another
large contingent of men; second expeditionary force is to be organized.

Oct. 7--New York Staats-Zeitung barred from the mails.

Oct. 8--First [Transcriber: original 'Frist'] contingent of troops
reaches Southampton.

*ENGLAND.*

July 24--England will side with Russia in event of hostilities with
Austria.

July 27--Sir Edward Grey asks France, Italy, and Germany to confer with
England to avert general conflict.

July 28--Germany refuses to accept Sir Edward Grey's proposal for
conference, but sends conciliatory reply; nation averse to war, but will
aid Allies; Home Rule strife forgotten.

July 29--Report that Grey is forming new peace proposals; London Times
pessimistic.

July 30--Unionist papers declare England must fight if Germany attacks
France; war preparations continue; political parties declare truce;
amending bill to Home Rule bill dropped; preparations in Far East, at
Malta, and Cape Town.

July 31--Government joins France in trying to adjust matters between
Russia and Austria; country is calm; preparations at Hongkong for
hostilities.

Aug. 1--Sir Edward Grey favors throwing weight of navy at once in favor
of France and Russia; Lloyd George does not favor participation; special
meeting of Cabinet called; King George appeals to Czar for peace;
Cabinet in night session; Belgian neutrality an issue; London Times
denounces Germany.

Aug. 3--Sir Edward Grey addresses House of Commons; country will defend
French coast; Redmond pledges Ireland's aid.

Aug. 4--Ambassador leaves Berlin; King issues call to arms and thanks
colonies for their support; Government controls railways and takes
foreign warships building in her ports; Vice Admiral Jellicoe takes
command of fleet; papers in London reduced in size; people advised to
economize.

Aug. 5--Food prices rise; order specifying contrabands of war; bill
passes House of Commons to restrain movements of undesirable aliens;
many spies arrested; women volunteer as nurses; King's message to fleet;
Prince of Wales wants to fight; United States will care for interests in
Germany; German cable cut at Azores.

Aug. 6--House of Commons grants army increase of 500,000 men; royal
decrees revoke prohibition against importation of arms into Ireland,
making trading with enemy illegal, prohibit English vessels from
carrying contraband of war between foreign ports, and make it high
treason to lend money to Germany; Asquith says "White Paper" issued by
Government shows how Sir Edward Grey tried to obtain peace; coast towns
arm; contraband of war announced.

Aug. 7--Rush of volunteers; Prince of Wales receives commission in
Grenadier Guards; Embassies stoned in Dresden and Berlin.

Aug. 8--Parliament passes bill providing for Government seizure of
foodstuffs; Capt. Fox, commander of the lost Amphion, given new command.

Aug. 9--More Germans arrested.

Aug. 10--Newfoundland offers men; Government acknowledges receipt of
President Wilson's offer of good offices.

Aug. 11--King inspects troops at Aldershot; mobilization of Territorials
completed; Information Bureau gives out official war news; Admiralty
notifies United States of planting of mines in North Sea; Secretary
Bryan transmits Germany's request for permission to send messages
through London to the United States; Admiralty says Atlantic is safe,
but that Germans have laid mines in North Sea.

Aug. 12--Exports of foodstuffs forbidden, no Americans barred.

Aug. 14--Prisoners of War Information Bureau formed; money situation
improved; embassy informs Secretary Bryan of rules governing aliens;
Kitchener's plan for raising new army contemplates long war.

Aug. 15--College men volunteer.

Aug. 16--Refugees from Berlin reach Scotland and tell of abuses; J.E.
Redmond says he has rifles for Irish volunteers.

Aug. 17--Government reassures the United States that Japan's activities
will be limited.

Aug. 20--Troops impress French favorably.

Aug. 21--Public told to watch for notes from aeroplanes; country
protests against German levy of war tax on Liege and Brussels; press
asks President Wilson to try to stop violation of rules of war.

Aug. 22--Admiralty says Germany violates Hague rules by planting mines
in North Sea; protest to United States against allowing fuel to be
carried to German cruisers at sea.

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